Structure, function and medical significance of lipocalins

Česká verze

Authors: M. Fořtová ^1,2; R. Průša ¹; D. Vajtr ³
Authors place of work: Ústav lékařské chemie a klinické biochemie 2. LF UK a FN Motol ¹; Klinika nefrologie 1. LF UK a VFN ²; Ústav soudního lékařství a toxikologie 1. LF UK a VFN ³
Published in the journal: Klin. Biochem. Metab., 21 (42), 2013, No. 3, p. 112-121

Summary

The lipocalin protein family is a large group of small extracellular proteins. The family demonstrates great diversity at the sequence level; however, lipocalin crystal structures are highly conserved and comprise a single eight-stranded antiparallel β-barrel, which encloses an internal ligand-binding site. They have been associated with a variety of different functions, among them transport of retinoids, steroids, bilins, pheromones, enzymic synthesis of prostaglandins, cryptic coloration, olfaction, immune response, cell regulation.

Lipocalin-2 (also known as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin), which is a useful biomarker for early detection of various renal injuries, shows pleiotropic bioactivities in a variety of different cell types and tissues. It plays important roles in angiogenesis, apoptosis, organogenesis, inflammation, hematopoiesis, wound healing, renal physiology, tumor and reproductive biology.

Key words:
lipocalin, β-barrel, lipocalin-2, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin.

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