Platelet membrane glycoproteins from the point of view of their genetic changes

Czech version

Authors: J. Gumulec ¹; M. Penka ²; R. Richterová ¹; M. Brejcha ¹; D. Klodová ¹; M. Wróbel ¹; P. Janotová ¹; K. Klaricová ¹; M. Kneiflová ¹; M. Kučerová ¹; M. Radina ¹
Authors‘ workplace: Centrum pro trombózu a hemostázu při Onkologickém centru J. G. Mendla, Nový Jičín, přednosta prim. MUDr. Jaromír Gumulec ¹; Oddělení klinické hematologie FN Brno, pracoviště Bohunice, přednosta prof. MUDr. Miroslav Penka, CSc. ²
Published in: Vnitř Lék 2005; 91(7 a 8): 833-839
Category: 128th Internal Medicine Day - 21rd Vanysek's Day Brno 2005

Overview

The role of platelets in haemostasis is entirely essential. It starts with platelets’ adhesion to a place of vessel damage with following enlargement to the whole area of uncovered subendotelium and continues with secretion of mediators stored in platelets’ granules to form big platelets aggregations. Thrombocytes’ adhesion is a process initiated by their contact with nonphysiological surfaces. Here, collagen from the extracellular matrix and subendothelium plays a basic role. Interactions between collagen and thrombocytes are mediated by different glycoprotein receptors, implanted in platelets surface, and von Willebrand factor from plasma or subendothelium. Glycoproteins GP Ia/IIa, GP VI and very likely GP IV are the main receptors for platelets’ adhesion to collagen in conditions of low pattern stress, but during high pattern stress complex GP Ib/IX/V assumes the main role. Conformation changes in thrombocytes formed after vWF-GP Ib/IX link lead to activation of complexes GP IIb/IIa which can bind fibrinogen. Fibrinogen molecules form bridges between thrombocytes being a base for platelets aggregation.

Keywords:
platelets – haemostasis – glycoprotein receptors – von Willebrand factor – complexes GP IIb/IIIa

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