Diabetes mellitus and liver diseases

Czech version

Authors: Rid Dravecká
Authors‘ workplace: I. interná klinika LF UPJŠ a UNLP Košice
Published in: Diab Obez 2020; 20(39): 22-27
Category: Reviews

Overview

As the central metabolic organ, the liver plays a key role in the metabolism of carbohydrates and is responsible for balance of blood glucose. In the presence of liver diseases, the metabolic homeostasis of glucose is often impaired. Diabetes mellitus is independently associated with increased risk of decompensated cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and liver transplant/death in patients both with and without liver cirrhosis. Finally, metabolic syndrome, of which diabetes mellitus type 2 is component, increases the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, which can lead to hepatocellular carcinoma. Clinical studies have shown that 40–100 % patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis are obese and that 20–75 % of them have diabetes mellitus type 2. Furthermore, the severity of fibrosis among non-alcoholic steatohepatitis patients is positively associated with obesity and diabetes mellitus.

Keywords:

obesity – diabetes mellitus – non-alcoholic fatty liver disease – steatohepatitis

Sources

Singh KK, Panda SP, Shalimar et al. Patients with Diabetes Mellitus are Prone to Develop Severe Hepatitis and Liver Failure due to Hepatitis Virus Infection. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2013; 3(4): 275–280. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jceh.2013.11.003>.
Ling Q, Xu X, Wei Q et al. Impact of Preexisting Diabetes Mellitus on Outcome After Liver Transplantation in Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-Related Liver Disease. Dig Dis Sci 2011; 56(3): 889–893. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10620–010–1358–3>.
Zhang J, Shen Y, Cai H et al. Hepatitis B virus infection status and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A metaanalysis. Hepatol Res 2015; 45(11): 1100–1109. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hepr.12481>.
Vanni E, Bugianesi E, Saracco G. Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus by viral eradication in chronic hepatitis C: Myth or reality ? Dig Liver Dis 2016; 48(2): 105–111. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2015.10.016>.
Petit JM, Hamza S, Rollot F et al. Impact of liver disease severity and etiology on the occurrence of diabetes mellitus in patients with liver cirrhosis. Acta Diabetol 2014; 51(3): 455–460. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00592–013–0538-y>.
Yang JD, Mohamed HA, Cvinar JL et al. Diabetes Mellitus Heightens the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Except in Patients With Hepatitis C Cirrhosis. Am J Gastroenterol 2016; 111(11); 1573–1580. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2016.330>.
Li X, Xu H, Gao Y et al. Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in treatment-naive chronic hepatitis C patients in China. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96(13): e6508. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000006508>.
Koh WP, Wang R, Jin A et al. Diabetes mellitus and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: findings from the Singapore Chinese Health Study. Br J Cancer 2013; 108(5): 1182–1188. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2013.25>.
Wang Ch, Wang X, Gong G et al. Increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Int J Cancer 2012; 130(7): 1639–1648. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.26165>.
Tsai MS, Lee PH, Lin CHL et al. Type II diabetes mellitus is associated with a reduced risk of chlangiocarcinoma in patients with biliary tract disease. Int J Cancer 2015; 136(10): 2409–2417. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.29292>.
Schlesinger S, Aleksandrova K, Pischon T et al. Diabetes mellitus, insulin treatment, diabetes duration, and risk of biliary tract cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma in a European cohort. Ann Oncol 2013; 24(9): 2449–2455. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdt204>.
Coppo C, Bonfanti D, Bo S et al. Risk of microangiopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with or without chronic hepatitis C: results of a retrospective long-term controlled cohort study. Dig Liver Dis 2015; 47(5): 405–410. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dld.2015.01.157>.
Li Z, Sun F, Xiang J et al. New-Onset Diabetes Mellitus in Liver Transplant Recipients With Hepatitis C: Analysis of the National Database. Transplant Proc 2016; 48(1): 138–144. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.transproceed.2015.11.010>.
Kishi Y, Sugawara Y, Tamura S et al. New-onset diabetes mellitus after living donor liver transplantation: possible association with hepatitis C. Transplant Proc 2006; 38(9): 2989–2992. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.transproceed.2006.08.112>.
Samuelson AL, Lee M, Kamal A et al. Diabetes Mellitus Increases the Risk of Mortality Following Liver Transplantation Independent of MELD Score. Dig Dis Sci 2010, 55(7); 2089–2094. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10620–010–1267–5>.
Huang ZS, Huang TS, Wu TH et al. Asymptomatic chronic hepatitis B virus infection does not increase the risk of diabetes mellitus: A ten-years observation. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010; 25(8): 1420–1425. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440–1746.2010.06268.x>.
Spradling PR, Simons B, Narayanan M et al. Incidence of diabetes mellitus in a population-based cohort of persons with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. J Viral Hepat 2013; 20(7): 510–513. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvh.12071>.
Schillie SF, Xing J, Murphy TV et al. Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among persons with diagnosed diabetes mellitus in the United States, 1999–2010. J Viral Hepat 2012; 19(9): 674–676. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365–2893.2012.01616.x>.
Zou QL, Wei GN, Chen JX et al. Hepatitis B virus-associated nephropathy in a patient with diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Invest 2014; 5(1): 87–89. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jdi.12125>.
Hsu YCh, Lin JT, Ho HJ et al. Antiviral treatment for hepatitis C virus infection is associated with improved renal and cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic patients. Hepatology 2014; 59(4): 1293–1302. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.26892>.
Ranganathan R, Janarthanan K, Rajasekaran S et al. Onset of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus During Pegylated-interferon Alfa and Ribavirin Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2012; 2(1): 86–87. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0973–6883(12)60089–9>.
Morbitzer KA, Kaber DJ, Pilch NA et al. The impact of diabetes mellitus and glycemic control on clincal outcomes following liver ransplant for hepatitis C. Clin Transplant 2014; 28(8); 862–868. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ctr.12391>.
El-Karaksy HM, Anwar G, Esmat G et al. Prevalence of hepatic abnormalities in a cohort of Egyptian children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Pediatr Diabetes 2010; 11(7): 462–470. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399–5448.2009.00627.x>.
Harris K, Smith L. Safety anf Efficacy of Metformin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Chronic Hepatitis C. Ann Pharmacother 2013; 47(10): 1348–1352. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1060028013503108>.