Zdravotný stav slovenskej učňovskej populácie - porovnaniechlapcov a dievčat

Health Status of Slovak Apprentices - Comparison of Boys and Girls

The authors investigated the health status of apprentices with regard to gender differences and the generaladolescent population. They evaluated the health status using self-reported health indicators, assessing also aspectssuch as: general health status, subjective wellbeing, subjective medical complaints, chronic medical complaintsand use of health services. The basic group comprised 2616 adolescents and was stratified with regard to the totalSlovak first year student population in secondary schools by type of school and sex. The sub-group of apprenticescomprised 583 boys and 352 girls, mean age 15 years. Self-reported health indicators proved valuable screeningtechniques which detected initial symptoms of later serious health problems. Findings based on their applicationindicated that the health status of apprentices is not optimal. Basic health problems of this group of adolescentsseem to be health problems involving fatigue, general discomfort, headache, backache, skin problems andrespiratory diseases. Respiratory diseases were the most frequent cause of the use of health services. From accidentsall used indicators of the health status were significantly less favourable in the group of female apprentices ascompared with male apprentices. The results of the study indicated a less favourable trend as regards the healthstatus of apprentices in relation to the general population. In other words, girls were less healthy than boys andthe health status of apprentices was below average in relation to the general adolescent population.

Key words:
health status, adolescence, apprentices, self-reported health indicators, gender