Účinnost piracetamu, vinpocetinu a Ginkgo biloba na poruchy učení a paměti vyvolané antipsychotiky.

English version

Autoři: Omar M. E. Abdel-Salam ^1,2; Somaia A. Nada ¹
Působiště autorů: National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt Department of Pharmacology ¹; National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt Toxicology and Narcotics ²
Vyšlo v časopise: Cesk Slov Neurol N 2011; 74/107(1): 29-35
Kategorie: Původní práce

Souhrn

Haloperidol je klasické neuroleptikum, které vyvolává motorické abnormity a poruchy učení.

Cíl studie:
Zhodnotit schopnost nootropik piracetamu, vinpocetinu a Ginkgo biloba zlepšit prostorovou paměť myší léčených haloperidolem.

Metodologie:
Prostorová paměť byla hodnocena v Morrisově vodním bludišti (Morris water maze, MWM). Měřena byla účinnost piracetamu (50, 150 nebo 300 mg/ kg i.p.), vinpocetinu (1, 2 nebo 4 mg/ kg) nebo Ginkgo biloba (25, 50 nebo 150 mg/ kg) na pracovní paměť myší léčených haloperidolem (2 mg/ kg, i.p.) podávaným k vyvolání kognitivní poruchy [25]. Léčivé látky byly buď podávány současně s haloperidolem, nebo 30 minut před podáním haloperidolu.

Výsledky:
Podání haloperidolu vedlo k významnému prodloužení latence při hledání ponořené plošiny. Piracetam podaný současně s haloperidolem nebo 30 min před antipsychotikem zkracoval v závislosti na dávce latenci při hledání ponořené plošiny. Vinpocetin podaný současně s haloperidolem kognitivní výkon nezlepšil, ale vinpocetin 4 mg/ kg podaný 30 min před haloperidolem výrazně zkrátil latence při hledání ponořené plošiny. U myší léčených Ginkgo biloba došlo ke zhoršení výkonu ve vodním bludišti.

Závěr:
Piracetam a vinpocetin, avšak nikoli Ginkgo biloba, zlepšují poruchy učení a paměti vyvolané haloperidolem v Morrisově vodním bludišti. K potvrzení případné užitečnosti piracetamu a vinpocetinu při zlepšování kognice u pacientů léčených klasickými antipsychotiky je zapotřebí provést studie na lidských jedincích.

Klíčová slova:
prostorová paměť – haloperidol – nootropika – myši

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