Principles of antibiotic therapy

Download PDF Czech version

Authors: M. Kolář
Authors‘ workplace: Ústav mikrobiologie Lékařské fakulty Univerzity Palackého v Olomouci a Fakultní nemocnice Olomouc
Published in: Rozhl. Chir., 2019, roč. 98, č. 4, s. 137-144.
Category: Review

Overview

The paper describes the basic sources and principles of antibiotic therapy in contemporary medicine in which the ability to treat bacterial infections may be lost. The main reason for that is the increasing resistance of bacterial pathogens to antibiotics. A possible solution is to implement a comprehensive program of antibiotic stewardship incorporating adequate consideration of indication and selection of antimicrobial agents including appropriate duration and way of administration. Another important component of the comprehensive approach to bacterial resistance and antibiotic therapy is adequately applied antibiotic prophylaxis in surgery.

Keywords:

bacteria − antibiotics − resistance − therapy

Sources

The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing – EUCAST. Available from: http://www.eucast.org/
Scaglione F, Paraboni L. Influence of pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of antibacterials in their dosing regimen selection. Expert Rev Antiinfect Ther. 2006;4:479−90. doi:10.1586/14787210.4.3.479
Ballow CH, Schentag JJ. Trends in antibiotic utilization and bacterial resistance. Report of the national nosocomial resistance surveillance group. Diag Microbiol Infect Dis. 1992;15:37−42.
Barbosa TM, Levy SB. The impact of antibiotic use on resistance development and persistence. Drug Resist Updat. 2000;3:303−11. doi:10.1054/drup.2000.0167.
Kolář M, Htoutou Sedláková M, Suchánková H, et al. Vliv selekčního tlaku karbapenemů na bakteriální rezistenci. Klin Mikrobiol Inf Lék. 2013;19:4−7.
Kolář M, Urbánek K, Látal T. Antibiotic selection pressure and development of bacterial resistance. Intern J Antimicrob Agents. 2001;17:357−63.
Htoutou Sedláková M, Vojtová V, Hanulík V, et al. Rezistence enterobakterií k vybraným antibiotikům v souvislosti s jejich spotřebou. Klin Farmakol Farmacie 2012;26:61−6.
Bush K, Jacoby GA. Updated functional classification of β-lactamases. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010;54:969−76. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01009-09.
Tumbarello M, Sanguinetti M, Montuori E, et al. Predictors of mortality in patients with bloodstream infections caused by extended-spectrum-ß-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae: importance of inadequate initial antimicrobial treatment. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007;51:1987−94. doi:10.1128/AAC.01509-06.
Kang CI, Chung DR, Ko KS, et al. Risk factors for infection and treatment outcome of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia in patients with hematologic malignancy. Ann Hematol. 2012;91:115−21. doi: 10.1007/s00277-011-1247-7.
Satlin MJ, Calfee DP, Chen L, et al. Emergence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae as causes of bloodstream infections in patients with hematologic malignancies. Leuk Lymphoma 2013;54:799−806. doi: 10.3109/10428194.2012.723210.
Kolář M, Htoutou Sedláková M, Pudova P, et al. Incidence of fecal Enterobacteriaceae producing broad-spectrum beta-lactamases in patients with hematological malignancies. Biomed Papers 2015;159:100−3. doi: 10.5507/bp.2014.042.
Neoral C, Horaková M, Aujesky R, et al. Infectious complications after esophagectomy. Surg Inf 2012;13:159−62. doi:10.1089/sur.2011.024.
Pudová V, Htoutou Sedláková M, Kolář M and working group. Clonality of bacterial pathogens causing hospital
-acquired pneumonia. Current Microbiol. 2016;73:312−16.
Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Papadimitriou E, Galanakis N, et al. Multidrug resistance to antimicrobials as a predominant factor influencing patient survival. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2006;27:476−81. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2005.12.013
Rello J, Torres A, Ricart M, et al. Ventilator-associated pneumonia by Staphylococcus aureus. Comparison of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive episodes. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1994;150:1545−9. doi:10.1164/ajrccm. 150.6.7952612.
Herkel T, Uvizl R, Adamus M, et al. Epidemiology of hospital-acquired pneumonia: results of a Central European multicenter, prospective, observational study compared with data from the European region. Biomed Papers 2016;160:448−55. doi: 10.5507/bp.2016.014.
Kolář M, Látal T, Čermák P. Klinicko-mikrobiologické podklady racionální antibiotické léčby. Trios 2002.
Horáková M, Ĺubušká L, Kolář M, et al. Individualized prophylaxis in patients with esophageal replacement because of cancer. Surg Inf. 2015;16:513−7. doi.org/10.1089/sur.2014.132

Labels

Surgery Orthopaedics Trauma surgery

The role of new antibiotics in intra-abdominal infections in the era of multi-resistant bacteria

Negative pressure therapy with the ULTRAVAC instillation in the therapy of infected laparotomies with fascitis − temporary results of a prospective randomized study

Acute mesenteric ischemia with necrosis of entire small intestine

Hemangiomatosis of the greater omentum – a case report

Growth of colorectal liver metastases is not accelerated by intraportal administration of stem cells after portal vein embolization

Surgical treatment of alveolar echinococcosis: a single centre experience and systematic review of the literature

Article was published in

Perspectives in Surgery

2019 Issue 4