Nutritional screening carried out by nurses in retriement homes.

Czech version

Authors: I. Juhásová; A. Pokorná; PharmDr. Irma Miklášová; L. Cetlová
Published in: Geriatrie a Gerontologie 2016, 5, č. 3: 122-127
Category:

Overview

Objective:
The nutritional state of the elderly plays a crucial role not only for the quality of life in old age, but especially for the treatment of acute and chronic diseases. Nutrition is an important part of quality care for the elderly in the facilities providing such care. The aim of the research was to study the nutritional state of the elderly in two social care homes in Nitra region. The survey sample consisted of 97 elderly patients (61 women, 36 men, and the average age was 79.64 (± 4.01). The average length of stay in the social care home for older persons was 4 years.

Methods:
Following assessment tools were used to determine nutritional state and thus detect malnutrition and risk of malnutrition: Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST). Statistical analysis was performed by the SPSS software, version 15.0.

Results:
According to the Body Mass Index (BMI) the 48.7 % of seniors were in within the normal nutritional status. Using MNA scale 37.1 % of elderly was detected at risk of malnutrition and 20.6 % of elderly were undernourished. Statistically significant relationships (p <0.05) were found between the length of stay, age and nutritional score of the elderly.

Conclusion:
We support the idea that nurses as part of a multidisciplinary team in retirement homes should assess and evaluate the nutritional state of the elderly in regular intervals. The best tool seems to be Mini Nutritional Assessment as simple, valid and useful screening tool for valuation of elderly people living in the retirement homes. We verified usefulness of this tool for malnutrition detection in elderly living in long term social care institution and also the fact that measuring weight, respectively BMI, is important but not sufficient.

KEYWORDS:
elderly – nutrition – nutritional screening – Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) –Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) – Body Mass Index (BMI) –malnutrition

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