Noninvasive ventilation in intensive care

Czech version

Authors: I. Herold
Authors‘ workplace: Primář: MUDr. Ivan Herold, CSc. ; Anesteziologicko-resuscitační oddělení, Oblastní nemocnice Mladá Boleslav, a. s.
Published in: Prakt. Lék. 2008; 88(9): 506-511
Category: Various Specialization

Overview

Noninvasive ventilation is a form of positive pressure ventilation through a mask/helmet that in many indications decreases the frequency of iatrogenic complications associated with endotracheal intubation, shortens length of hospital stay, and leads to economic savings. An appropriate indication, adequate timing, and correct choice of mask, ventilator and ventilation regime are all critical for its success. Many details of nursing management are also important. The major indication group includes exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cardiac lung oedema. The initial phase of noninvasive ventilation requires careful nursing and attention has to be paid to diligent training of the method. Patients on NIV are to be carefully monitored during the first hours in order to detect early signs of the method’s failure. In such a case, immediate intubation and invasive ventilation is indicated. The article reviews the classification of indications according to criteria of Evidence Based Medicine (EBM).

Key words:
Noninvasive ventilation, intubation, mask, cardiac lung oedema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, EBM criteria.

Sources

1. Hill, N., Brennan, J., Garspestad, E., Nava, S. Noninvasive ventilation in acute respiratory failure. Crit. Care Med. 2007, 35, p. 2402-2407.

2. Lellouche, F. Noninvasive ventilation in patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure. Curr. Opin. Crit. Care 2007, 13, p. 12-19.

3. Lightowler, J., Wedyicha, J., Elliot, M. et al. Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation to treat respiratory failure from exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2003, 326, p. 185.

4. Keenan, S., Sinuff, T., Cook, D. et al. Which patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease benefit from noninvasive positive pressure ventilation? A systematic review of the literature. Ann. Intern. Med. 2003, 138, p. 861-870.

5. Gonzalez Diaz, G., Carillo, A., Perez, P. et al. Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation to treat hypercapnic ccoma secondary to respiratory failure. Chest 2005, 127, p. 952-960.

6. Scala, R., Naldi, M., Archinicci, O. et al. Non –invasive positive-pressure ventilation in patients with acute exacerbations of COPD and varying levels of consciousness. Chest 2005, 128, p. 1657-1666.

7. Brochard, L. Non-invasive ventilation for acute exacerbations of COPD: a new standard of care. Thorax 2000, 55, p. 817-818.

8. Conti, G., Antonelli, M., Navalesi, P. et al. Noninvasive vs conventional mechanical ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease after failure of medical treatment in the ward: a randomized trial. Intens. Care Med. 2002, 28, p. 1701-1707.

9. Nava, S., Ambrosino, N., Clini, E. at al. Non-invasive mechanical ventilation in the weaning of the patients with respiratory failure due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A randomized study. Ann. Intern. Med. 1998, 128, p. 721-728.

10. Ferrar, M., Esquinas, A., Arancibia, F. et al. Non-invasive ventilation during persistant weaning failure. A randomized cotrolled trial. Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care Med. 2003, 168, p. 70-76.

11. Antonelli, M. A comparison of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation and conventional mechanical ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure. N. Eng. J. Med. 1998, 339, p. 429-435.

12. Girou, E., Schortgen, F., Delclaux, C., et al. Association of NIV with nosocomial infections and survival in critically ill patients. JAMA 2000. 284, p. 2361-2367.

13. Poulton, E.P. Left sided heart failure with pulmonary edema. Its treatment with the “pulmonary plus pressure machine.” Lancet 1936, 2, p. 981–983.

14. Barach, A. Positive pressure respiration and its application to the treatment of acute pulmonary edema. Ann. Intern. Med. 1938, 12, p. 757-764.

15. Massip, J., Roque, M., Sanchez, B. et al. Non-invasive ventilation in acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Systematic review and metanalysis. JAMA 2005, 294, p. 3124-3130.

16. Mehta, S., Jay, G.D., Woolhard, R. et al. Randomized prospective trial of bilevel vs continuous positive airwaay pressure in acute pulmonary edema. Crit. Care Med. 1997, 25, p. 620-628.

17. Ferrar, M., Esquinas, A., Leon, M., et al. Noninvasive ventilation in severe hypoxemic respiratory failure. A randomized clinical trial. Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care Med. 2003, 168, p. 1438-1444.

18. Antonelli, M., Conti, G., Moro, M. et al. Predictors of failures on noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure: a multicenter study. Intensive Care Med. 2001, 27, p. 1718-1728.

19. Jolliet, P., Abajo, B., Pasquina, P., et al. Non –invasive positive pressure ventilation in severe community acquired pneumonia. Intensive Care Med. 2001, 27, p. 812-821.

20. Confalonieri, M., Poten, A., Carbone, G. et al. Acute respirtatory failure in patients with severe community - acquired pneumonia. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 1999, 160, p. 1585-1591.

21. L’ Her, E., Deye, N., Lellouche, F. et al. Physiological effect of non-invasive ventilation during acute lung injury. Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care Med. 2005, 172, p. 1112-1118.

22. Rana, S., Jenad, H., Gay, P.C. et al. Failure of non invasive ventilation in patients with acute lung injury: observational cohort study. Crit. Care Med. 2006, 10, R79.

23. Antonelli, M., Conti, G., Esquinas, A. et al. A multiple center survey on the use of clinical practice of noninvasive ventilation as a first line intervention for ARDS. Crit. Care Med. 2007, 35, p. 18-25.

24. Schettino, G., Altobelli, N., Kacmarek, R. Non-invasive positive – pressure ventilation in acute respiratory failure outside clinical trials: experience at the Massachusetts General Hospital. Crit. Care Med. 2008, 36, p. 441-447.

25. Hilbert, G., Gruson, D., Vargas, F. et al. Noninvasive ventilation in immunosuppresed patients with pulmonary infiltrates, fever, and acute respiratory failure. N. Eng. J. Med. 2001, 344, p. 481-487.

26. Hilbert, G., Vargas, F., Gruson, D. Never the tube! Try the mask. Crit. Care Med. 2007, 35, p. 977-978.

27. Auriant, I., Jarot, A., Herve, P. et al. Noninvasive ventilation reduces mortality in acute respiratory failure after lung resection. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2001, 164, p. 1231-1235.

28. Rocco, M., Conti, G., Antonelli, M. et al. Noninvasive pressure support ventilation in patients with acute respiratory failure after bilateral lung transplantation. Intensive Care Med. 2001, 27, p. 1622-1626.

29. Squadrone, V., Coha, M., Cerutti, E. et al. Continuous positive airway pressure for treatment of postoperative hypoxemia: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2005, 293, p. 589-595.

30. El Solh, A., Aquilina, A., Pineda, L. et al. Noninvasive ventilation for prevention of post-extubation respiratory failure in obese patients. Eur. Resp. J. 2006, 28, p. 588-595.

31. Mokhlesi, B., Tulaimat, A. Recent advances in obesity hypoventilation syndrome. Chest 2007, 132, p. 1322-1336.

32. Esteban, A., Frutos-Vivar, F., Ferguson, N.D. et al. Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation for respiratory failure after extubation. N. Eng. J. Med. 2000, 350, p. 2452-2460.

33. Nava, S., Gregoretti, C., Fanfulla, F. et al. Noninvasive ventilation to prevent respiratory failure after extubation in high-risk patients. Crit. Care Med. 2005, 33, p. 2465-2470.

34. Ferrer, M., Valencia, M., Nicolas, J. et al. Early noninvasive ventilation averts extubation failure in patients at risk: a randomized trial. Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care Med. 2006, 173, p. 164-170.

35. Schettino, G., Altobelli, N., Kacmarek, R. Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation reverses acute respiratory failure in select “do-not intubate” patients. Crit. Care Med. 2005, 33, p. 1976-1982

36. Herold I. Non invasive ventilation. 4th International Symposium of Respiratory Disease. Journal of Organ Dysfunction, , Supplementum 2007.