Anogenital HPV Infection as the Potential Risk Factor for Oropharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors:
Sehnal Borek 1; Podlešák Tomáš 2; Kmoníčková Emanuela 3; Nipčová Monika 1; Driák Daniel 1; Sláma Jiří 4; Zikán Michal 1
Authors‘ workplace:
Praha 3 Ústav radiační onkologie
; Praha 2 Otorinolaryngologické oddělení, Nemocnice Na Bulovce
; Gynekologicko-porodnická klinika 1. LF UK a VFN v Praze
; Praha 4 Onkogynekologické centrum
; 1. LF UK a Nemocnice Na Bulovce
; Gynekologicko-porodnická klinika 1. LF UK a Nemocnice Na Bulovce
1
Published in:
Klin Onkol 2018; 31(2): 103-109
Category:
Review
doi:
https://doi.org/10.14735/amko2018103
Overview
Background:
Human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause cervical, other genital, anal, head, and neck cancers. The incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the head and neck cancer most commonly caused by HPV infection, is increasing. The prevalence of oral HPV infections is considerably lower than that of genital HPV infections; however, infection of both sites is strongly associated with sexual behavior. Although the natural histories of cervical and oral HPV infections do not markedly differ, the virus seems to rarely infect oral and genital sites simultaneously. On the other hand, the standardized incidence ratio of OSCC is higher in cervical cancer patients than in other populations. Furthermore, women with OSCC have a significantly increased risk of developing HPV-related genital cancers. Administration of the HPV vaccine to both genders will undoubtedly dramatically change the epidemiology of HPV-related cancers.
Aim:
This work provides an overview of the literature and estimates the risk of OSCC in women with anogenital HPV infections.
Conclusion:
The biological relationship between different HPV-infected sites might be complex; however, the increased prevalence of HPV in oral samples of women positive for anogenital HPV indicates that such infections are unlikely to be independent of one another. Sexual activity likely affects the risk of concurrent anogenital and oral coinfections. However, it is also possible that one infection site provides a reservoir that can increase the risk of autoinoculation at anatomically distant locations or that coinfections develop as a result of other factors, such as immunodeficiency. Nevertheless, women with HPV-associated malignancy undoubtedly have a higher risk of developing OSCC.
Key words:
human papillomavirus – HPV – genital HPV infection – oral HPV infection – oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma – standardized incidence ratio – head and neck cancer
This article was supported by by the project UNCE 204065 of Charles University.
The authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study.
The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE recommendation for biomedical papers.
Submitted:
26. 8. 2017
Accepted:
4. 1. 2018
Sources
1. Sehnal B, Vojáčková N, Driák D et al. Předpokládaná účinnost HPV vakcinace v profylaxi nongenitálních karcinomů. Klin Onkol 2014; 27 (4): 239–246. doi: 10.14735/amko2014239.
2. Forman D, de Martel C, Lacey CJ et al. Global burden of human papillomavirus and related diseases. Vaccine 2012; 30 (Suppl 5): F12–F23. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.07.055.
3. Giuliano AR, Nyitray AG, Kreimer AR et al. EUROGIN 2014 roadmap: differences in human papillomavirus infection natural history, transmission and human papillomavirus-related cancer incidence by gender and anatomic site of infection. Int J Cancer 2015; 136 (12): 2752–2760. doi: 10.1002/ijc.29082.
4. Gillison ML, Broutian T, Pickard RK et al. Prevalence of oral HPV infection in the United States, 2009–2010. JAMA 2012; 307 (7): 693–703. doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.101.
5. Visalli G, Currò M, Facciolà A et al. Prevalence of human papillomavirus in saliva of women with HPV genital lesions. Infect Agent Cancer 2016; 11 (1): 48. doi: 10.1186/s13027-016-0096-3.
6. Chaturvedi AK, Kleinerman RA, Hildesheim A et al. Second cancers after squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the cervix. J Clin Oncol 2009; 27 (6): 967–973. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2008.18.4549.
7. Kašpírková J, Ondič O, Černá K et al. Možnosti průkazu biologicky relevantní papilomavirové infekce u maligních nádorů hlavy a krku v diagnostické patologii. Cesk Patol 2013; 49 (1): 29–34.
8. Näsman A, Attner P, Hammarstedt L et al. Incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) positive tonsillar carcinoma in Stockholm, Sweden: an epidemic of viral-induced carcinoma? Int J Cancer 2009; 125 (2): 362–366. doi: 10.1002/ijc.24339.
9. Chaitanya NC, Allam NS, Gandhi DB et al. Systematic meta-analysis on association of human papilloma virus and oral cancer. J Cancer Res Ther 2016; 12 (2): 969–974. doi: 10.4103/0973-1482.179098.
10. Kreimer AR, Clifford GM, Boyle P et al. Human papillomavirus types in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas worldwide: a systematic review. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2005; 14 (2): 467–475. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0551.
11. Kašpírková J, Ondič O, Černá K et al. Možnosti průkazu biologicky relevantní papilomavirové infekce u maligních nádorů hlavy a krku v diagnostické patologii. Cesk Patol 2013; 49 (1): 29–34.
12. Wood ZC, Bain CJ, Smith DD et al. Oral human papillomavirus infection incidence and clearance: a systematic review of the literature. J Gen Virol 2017; 98 (4): 519–526. doi: 10.1099/jgv.0.000727.
13. Crawford R, Grignon AL, Kitson S et al. High prevalence of HPV in non cervical sites of women with abnormal cervical cytology. BMC Cancer 2011; 11: 473. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-473.
14. Kreimer AR, Bhatia RK, Messeguer AL et al. Oral human papillomavirus in healthy individuals: a systematic review of the literature. Sex Transm Dis 2010; 37 (6): 386–391. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181c94a3b.
15. Shigeishi H, Sugiyama M. Risk factors for oral human papillomavirus infection in healthy individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Med Res 2016; 8 (10): 721–729. doi: 10.14740/jocmr2545w.
16. Steinau M, Hariri S, Gillison ML et al. Prevalence of cervical and oral human papillomavirus infections among US women. J Infect Dis 2014; 209 (11): 1739–1743. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jit799.
17. Taylor S, Bunge E, Bakker M et al. The incidence, clearance and persistence of non-cervical human papillomavirus infections: a systematic review of the literature. BMC Infect Dis 2016; 16: 293. doi: 10.1186/s12879-016-1633-9.
18. Kedarisetty S, Orosco RK, Hecht AS et al. Concordant oral and vaginal human papillomavirus infection in the United States. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2016; 142 (5): 457–465. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2016. 0064.
19. Smith EM, Ritchie JM, Yankowitz J et al. HPV prevalence and concordance in the cervix and oral cavity of pregnant women. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol 2004; 12 (2): 45–56. doi: 10.1080/10647440400009896.
20. Du J, Nordfors C, Ahrlund-Richter A et al. Prevalence of oral human papillomavirus infection among youth, Sweden. Emerg Infect Dis 2012; 18 (9): 1468–1471. doi: 10.3201/eid1809.111731.
21. Termine N, Giovannelli L, Matranga D et al. Oral human papillomavirus infection in women with cervical HPV infection: new data from an Italian cohort and a meta-analysis of the literature. Oral Oncol 2011; 37 (4): 244–250. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2011.02.011.
22. Marques AE, Barra GB, de Resende Oyama CN et al. Low rate of oropharyngeal human papillomavirus infection of women with cervical lesions and their partners: new data from Brazilian population. J Oral Pathol Med 2015; 44 (6): 453–458. doi: 10.1111/jop.12252.
23. Oliveira LH, Santos LS, Silva CO et al. Papillomavirus infections in the oral and genital mucosa of asymptomatic women. Braz J Infect Dis 2017; 21 (1): 88–91. doi: 10.1016/j.bjid.2016.08.015.
24. Meyer MF, Huebbers CU, Siefer OG et al. Prevalence and risk factors for oral human papillomavirus infection in 129 women screened for cervical HPV infection. Oral Oncol 2014; 50 (1): 27–31. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2013.10.009.
25. Brouwer AF, Eisenberg MC, Carey TE et al. Trends in HPV cervical and seroprevalence and associations between oral and genital infection and serum antibodies in NHANES 2003–2012. BMC Infect Dis 2015; 15: 575. doi: 10.1186/s12879-015-1314-0.
26. Cañadas MP, Bosch FX, Junquera ML et al. Concordance of prevalence of human papillomavirus DNA in anogenital and oral infections in a high-risk population. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42 (3): 1330–1332.
27. Cabrchonová H. XII. Hradecké vakcinologické dny, 6.–8.října 2016. [Ústní sdělení] Data VZP ČR.
28. Stupiansky NW, Alexander AB, Zimet GD. Human papillomavirus vaccine and men: what are the obstacles and challenges? Curr Opin Infect Dis 2012; 25 (1): 86–91. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0b013e32834ed5be.
29. Burger EA, Sy S, Nygård M et al. Prevention of HPV-related cancers in Norway: cost-effectiveness of expanding the HPV vaccination program to include pre-adolescent boys. PLos One 2014; 9 (3): e89974. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089974.
30. Ang KK, Harris J, Wheeler R et al. Human papillomavirus and survival of patients with oropharyngeal cancer. N Engl J Med 2010; 363 (1): 24–35. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0912217.
31. Bajos N, Bozon M, Beltzer N et al. Changes in sexual behaviours: from secular trends to public health policies. AIDS 2010; 24 (8): 1185–1191. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e328336ad52.
32. Louvanto K, Rautava J, Syrjänen K et al. The clearance of oral high-risk human papillomavirus infection is impaired by long-term persistence of cervical human papillomavirus infection. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 20 (11): 1167–1172. doi: 10.1111/1469-0691.12700.
33. Sehnal B, Dusek L, Cibula D et al. The relationship between the cervical and anal HPV infection in women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. J Clin Virol 2014; 59 (1): 18–23. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2013.11.004.
34. Hemminki K, Dong C, Frisch M. Tonsillar and other upper aerodigestive tract cancers among cervical cancer patients and their husbands. Eur J Cancer Prev 2000; 9 (6): 433–437.
35. Balamurugan A, Ahmed F, Saraiya M et al. Potential role of human papillomavirus in the development of subsequent primary in situ and invasive cancers among cervical cancer survivors. Cancer 2008; 113 (Suppl 10): 2919–2925. doi: 10.1002/cncr.23746.
36. Herrero R, Quint W, Hildesheim A et al. Reduced prevalence of oral human papillomavirus (HPV) 4 years after bivalent HPV vaccination in a randomized clinical trial in Costa Rica. PLos One 2013; 8 (7): e68329. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068329.
Labels
Paediatric clinical oncology Surgery Clinical oncologyArticle was published in
Clinical Oncology
2018 Issue 2
Most read in this issue
- Cutaneous and Subcutaneous Metastases of Adenocarcinoma as a Dominant Clinical Manifestation of Malignancy of Unknown Origin – a Case Report
- Long Non-coding RNAs as Regulators of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Pathway in Cancer
- MAPK/ERK signal pathway alterations in patients with Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
- Human Papillomavirus – Role in Cervical Carcinogenesis and Methods of Detection