Psychosociální faktory spojené s genetickýmtestováním některých dědičně podmíněnýchnádorových onemocnění

Psychosocial Factors Associated with Genetic Testing for Some ofHereditary Forms of Cancer

Mutations in predisposing genes for some of the hereditary forms of cancer exhibit autosomal dominant mode ofinheritance. Introduction of genetic tests for these mutations to the clinical practice initiated studies focused on thepsychosocial factors associated with genetic testing. Undergoing the genetic testing is a stressful experience for boththe healthy individuals in risk and the patients already affected with cancer. The psychosocial characteristics of thetested individual influence not only the psychological functioning during the testing but also the acceptance of thetest, and generally his life style and health practices. Psychological support during the genetic testing process ismostly provided by the genetic counsellor. The findings of psychosocial studies might be therefore helpful for thefocusing of the genetic consultation, and fulfilling the client needs and expectations towards testing. Factors ofmotivation, psychological state, influence of family situation and support, and optionally the involvement ofa psychologist into the process of genetic testing are observed.

Key words:
genetic counselling, genetic predisposition to cancer, psychosocial factors.