A SUMMARY OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES FOR PROSTATE CANCER (ROBOT, LAP, BRACHY, CRYO, CYBERKNIFE)

Czech version

Authors: G. Morgia
Authors‘ workplace: Department of Urology University of Catania, Italy
Published in: Urol List 2011; 9(2): 31-37

Overview

The challenge of modern medicine is to increasingly use mini-invasive techniques. Nowadays, while surgery and ratio therapy must be considered the standard forms of treatment for prostatic cancer, nonetheless minivasive techniques are greeted with ever more enthusiasm by patiens. In addition the first long term results, indispensible for correct oncological evaluation of the technique, are also being reported. Brachytherapy, Cryotherapy and Cyberknife must be recognised by urology, and proposed for patiens with prostate cancer, albeit only in case where the indications are correct. This paper will demonstrate the techniques, the results and the complications of this procedure, highlighting those essential aspects which may sometimes make the use of these procedures preferable to conventional techniques.

Key words:
prostate cancer, cryotherapy, brachytherapy, Cyberknife, laparoscopic and robotic surgery

Sources

1. Graefen M, Michl UHG, Heinzer H et al. Indication, technique and outcome of retropubic nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy. Eur Urol 2005; 4(3): 77–85.

2. Walsh PC, Marschke P, Ricker D. Patient-reported urinary continence and sexual function after anatomical radical prostatectomy. Urology 2000; 55(1): 58–61.

3. Menon M, Tewari A, Peabody JO. Vattikuti Institute prostatectomy, a tecnhnique of robotic radical prostatectomy for management of localized carcinoma of the prostate: experience of over 1100 cases. Urol Clin North Amer 2004; 31(4): 701–717.

4. Rassweiler J, Schulze M, Teber D. Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: functional and oncological outcomes. Curr Opin Urol 2004; 14(2): 75–82.

5. Heidenreich A, Varga Z, Von Knobloch R. Extended pelvic lymphadenectomy in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy: high incidence of lymph node metastasis. J Urol 2002; 167(4): 1681–1686.

6. Bader P, Burkhard FC, Markwalder R et al. Is a limited lymph node dissection an adequate staging procedure for prostate cancer? Urol 2002; 168(2): 514–518.

7. Kim ED, Nath R, Kadmon et al. Bilateral nerve graft during radical retropubic prostatectomy: 1-year follow-up. J Urol 2001; 165 (6 Pt 1): 1950–1956.

8. Kim ED, Nath R, Slawin KM et al. Bilateral nerve grafting during radical retropubic prostatectomy: extend follow-up. Urology 2001; 58(6): 983–987.

9. Morgia G, Madonia M, Pischedda A et al. Nerve grafting radical prostatectomy: 24 months results in a single institution. European Urology 2005; 3 (Suppl 4): 288.

10. Grimm PD, Blasko JC, Sylvester JE et al. 10-year biochemical (PSA) control of prostate cancer with I-125 brachytherapy” Int J Rad Onc Biol Phys 2001; 51(1): 31–40.

11. Radge H, Korb LJ, Elgamal AA et al. Modern Prostate Brachytherapy. Cancer 2000; 89(1): 135–141.

12. Blasko JC, Radge H, Luse RW et al. Should brachytherapy be considered a teherapeutic option in localized prostate cancer? Urol Clin North Amer 1996; 23(4): 633–650.

13. De la Taille A, Hayek O, Benson MC et al. Salvage cryotherapy for recurrent prostate cancer after radiation therapy: the Columbia experience. Urology 2000; 55(1): 79–84.

14. De la Taille A, Benson MC, Bagiella E et al. Cryoablation for clinically localized prostate cancer using an argon-based system : complication and biochemical recurrence. BJU International 2000; 85(3): 281–286.

15. Han KA, Cohen JK, Miller RJ et al. Treatment of organ confined prostate cancer with third generation cryosurgery: preliminary experience. J Urology 2003; 170: 1126–1130.

16. Cohen J. Cryosurgery of the prostate: techniques and indications. Reviews in Urology 2004; 6 (Suppl 4): S20-S26.

17. Han KA, Belldegrun AS. Third-generation cryosurgery for primary and recurrent prostate cancer. BJU International 2004; 93(1): 14–18.

18. Lam JS, Belldegrun AS. Salvage cryosurgery of the prostate after radiation failure. Reviews in Urology 2004; 6 (Suppl 4): S27–S36.

19. Han KA, Belldegrun AS. Third-generation cryosurgery for primary and recurrent prostate cancer. BJU International 2004; 93(1): 14–18.

20. Baust JG, Gage AA. The molecular basis of cryosurgery. BJU International 2005; 95(9): 1187–1191.

21. Robinson JW, Psych R, Donnelly BJ et al. Quality of life 2 years after salvage cryosurgery for the treatment of local recurrence of prostate cancer after radiotherapy. Urologic Oncology 2006; 24(6): 472–486.

22. Izawa JI, Busby JE, Morganstern N et al. Histological changes in prostate biopsies after salvage cryotherapy: effect of chronology and the method of biopsy. BJU International 2006; 98(3): 554–558.

23. Ismail M, Ahmed S, Kastner C et al. Salvage cryotherapy for recurrent prostate cancer after radiation failure: a prospective case series of the first 100 patients. BJU International 2007; 100(4): 760–764.

24. Lambert EH, Bolte K, Masson P et al. Focal cryosurgery: encouragiong health outcomes for unifocal prostate cancer. Urology 2007; 69(6): 1117–1120.

25. Eggener SE, Scardino PT, Carroll PR et al for the International Task Force on Prostate Cancer and the Focal Lesion Paradigm: Focal therapy for localized prostate cancer: a critical appraisal of rationale and modalities. J Urology 2007; 178: 2260–2267.

26. Shelley M, Wilt TJ, Coles B et al. Cryotherapy for localised prostate cancer (Review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2007; (3). CD005010.

27. Jones JS, Rewcastle JC, Donnelly BJ et al. Whole gland primary prostate cryoablation: initial results from the cryo on-line data registry. J Urol 2008; 180(2): 554–558.

28. Theodorescu D. Cryotherapy for prostate cancer: what we know, what we need to know. J Urol 2008; 180(2): 437–438.

29. Pisters LL, Rewcastle JC, Donnelly BJ: Salvage prostate cryoablation: initial results from the cryo on-line registry. J Urol 2008; 180(2): 559–563.

30. Jones JS. Ten misconceptions regarding cryotherapy for prostate cancer. Eur Urol 2009; 55(1): 52–58.

31. Ritch CR, Katz AE. Prostate cryotherapy: current status. Curr Opin Urol 2009; 19(2): 177–181.

32. Polascik TJ, Mayes JM, Mouraiev V. Nerve sparing focal cryoablation of prostate cancer. Curr Opin Urol 2009; 19(2): 182–187.

33. Pisters LL, Leibovici D, Blute M et al. Locally recurrent prostate cancer after initial radiation therapy: a comparison of salvage radical prostatectomy versus cryotherapy. J Urol 2009; 182(2): 517–525.

34. Cytron S, Greene D, Witzsch U et al. Cryoablation of the prostate: technical recommendations. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2009; 12(4): 339–346.

35. King CT, Fowler JF. A simple analytic derivation suggests that prostate cancer α/b ratio is low. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001; 51(1): 213–214.

36. Alasti H, Petric MP, Catton CN et al. Imaging for evaluation of daily on-line set-up errors and off-line organ motion during conformal irradiation of carcinoma of the prostate. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001; 49(3): 869–884.

37. King CR, Lehman J, Adler JR et al. CyberKnife radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer: rationale and technical feasibility. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2003; 2(1): 25–30.

38. Fowler JF. The radiobiology of prostate cancer including new aspects of fractionated radiotherapy. Acta Oncol 2005; 44(3): 265–276.

39. Pawlicki T, Cotrutz C, King C. Prostate cancer therapy with stereotactic body radiation therapy. Front Radiat Ther Oncol 2007; 40: 395–406.

40. Hannoun-Levi JM, Benezery K, Bondiau PY et al. Robotic radiotherapy for prostate cancer with CyberKnife. Cancer Radiother 2007: 11(8): 476–482.

41. Fowler JF. The radiobiology of prostate cancer including new aspects of fractionated radiotherapy. Acta Oncol 2005; 44(3): 265–276.

42. Pawlicki T, Cotrutz C, King C. Prostate cancer therapy with stereotactic body radiation therapy. Front Radiat Ther Oncol 2007; 40: 395–406.

43. Fuller DB, Naitoh J, Lee C et al. Virtual HDR(SM) CyberKnife treatment for localized prostatic carcinoma: dosimetry comparison with HDR brachytherapy and preliminary clinical observations. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008; 70(5): 1588–1597.

44. Xie Y, Djajaputra D, King CR et al. Intrafractional motion of the prostate during hypofractionated radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008; 72(1): 236–246.

45. Morgia G, De Renzis C. Cyerknife in the treatment of prostate cancer: a revolutionary system. Eur Urol 2009; 56(1): 40–42.

46. Friedland JL, Freeman DE, Masterson-McGary ME et al. Stereotactic body radiotherapy: an emerging treatment approach for localized prostate cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2009; 8(5): 387–392.

47. Townsend NC, Huth BJ, Ding W et al. Acute toxicity after Cybernife-Delivered hypofractionated radiotherapy for treatment of prostate cancer. Am J Clin Oncol 2010.

Labels

Paediatric urologist Urology

THE STRATEGIES FOR PRIMARY PREVENTION OF PROSTATE CANCER – EVERYDAY PRACTICE, UNREALISTIC FICTION OR NEAR FUTURE?

SCREENING OF PROSTATE CANCER

WILL BE REACHED THE EXPECTED NUMBERS OF KIDNEY AND BLADDER CANCERS?

UROLOGIC MALPRACTICE IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: TRENDS AND ANALYSIS

EAU GUIDELINES ON PROSTATE CANCER - PART 1: SCREENING, DIAGNOSIS, AND TREATMENT OF CLINICALLY LOCALISED DISEASE

EAU GUIDELINES ON PROSTATE CANCERPART 2: TREATMENT OF ADVANCED, RELAPSING, AND CASTRATION-RESISTANT PROSTATE CANCER

Article was published in

Urological Journal

2011 Issue 2