Hairy cell leukemia – diagnostics, treatment and monoclonal antibodies
Authors:
R. Greksák
Authors‘ workplace:
Národný onkologický ústav, Oddelenie klinickej onkológie, Bratislava
Published in:
Transfuze Hematol. dnes,16, 2010, No. 3, p. 158-165.
Category:
Comprehensive Reports, Original Papers, Case Reports
Overview
A significant progress was achieved in diagnostics and treatment of hairy cell leukemia (HCL) over in the past 25 years. It was accompanied by the achievement of important responses after treatment with interferon-α (IFN-α) but mainly with purine analogues 2-deoxycoformycine and 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-DCF, 2-CdA). In most patients long-term survival without symptoms of disease may be achieved. There is a proportion of patients whose leukemia is resistant to standard treatment or relapse after a short period of remission. Search for new therapeutic modalities, that can ensure the elimination of hairy cells, is important for relapsed and refractory leukemia. Monoclonal antibodies (rituximab), and recombinant imunotoxins consisting of one chain of immunoglobulin bound with pseudomonas toxin (BL22, LMB-2), are in the centre of interest. The mechanism of action of these drugs is different from chemotherapy and IFN-α, and brings efficiency in pretreated patients. Presently, HCL is one of the oncological diseases with a relatively good prognosis with a majority of patients achieving long-term survival in remission thanks to available effective therapeutic options.
Key words:
immunotoxins, interferon-α, monoclonal antibodies, purine analogs, hairy cell leukemia
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Haematology Internal medicine Clinical oncologyArticle was published in
Transfusion and Haematology Today
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