Apolipoprotein AV and Triglyceridemia

Overview

High plasma triglyceride levels have been suggested to be independent risk factors of cardiovascular diseasedevelopment and cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of death in industrial countries around theworld. It is known, that plasma levels of triglycerides are partially genetically determined. The importance of apoAVgene for determination of plasma triglyceride levels has been suggested by creations of transgenic and knock-outmice and confirmed on population studies. More then ten variants have been described in the human apoAV gene.Associations between four of them (T-1131→C, Ser19→Trp,Val153→Met a Cys185→Gly) and plasma triglyceridelevels have been intensively analysed in different populations.Althoughwith some differences between ethnic groups,alleles C-1131, Trp19 a Cys185 (so far detected just in Chinese population) are connected with elevated levels ofplasma triglycerides. First analysis have detected that T-1131→C a Ser19→Trp apoAV variants could influence riskof myocardial infarction and size of LDL particles. Val153→Met polymorphism is not associated with plasma levelsof triglycerides, but females homozygous for Val153 have elevated levels of plasma HDL cholesterol.

Key words:
apolipoprotein AV, triglycerides, myocardial infarction, polymorphism.