#PAGE_PARAMS# #ADS_HEAD_SCRIPTS# #MICRODATA#
CS
proLékaře.cz / Journals / Internal Medicine / 2019 - 6

Oncologic emergencies

Download PDF Czech version

Authors: Thomas Karvunidis 1,2;  Martin Matějovič 1,2
Authors‘ workplace: Jednotka intenzivní péče I. interní kliniky LF UK a FN Plzeň 1;  Biomedicínské centrum, LF UK Plzeň 2
Published in: Vnitř Lék 2019; 65(6): 405-415
Category: Review

Overview

Oncologic emergencies and life-threatening cancer-related and treatment-related complications are the net effect of gradually increasing incidence of malignant diseases, improvement of therapeutic options and survival of oncologic patients. These complications are relatively specific for such population of patients and they are quite rare within the individuals without malignancy. Selected oncological emergencies are discussed in this review.

Keywords:

intensive care – malignancy – oncologic emergency

Sources
  1. Ferlay J, Autier P, Boniol M et al. Estimates of the cancer incidence and mortality in Europe 2003. Ann Oncol 2007; 18(3): 581–592. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdl498>.
  2. Rodriguez-Abreu D, Bordoni A, Zucca E. Epidemiology of hematological malignancies. Ann Oncol 2007; 18: (Suppl 1): i3-i8. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdl443>.
  3. Coleman MP, Quaresma H, Berrino F et al. Cancer survival in five continents: a worldwide population-based study (CONCORD). Lancet Oncol 2008; 9(8): 730–56. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1470–2045(08)70179–7>.
  4. Kinsey T, Jemal A, Liff J et al. Secular trends in mortality from common cancers in the United States by educational attainment, 1993–2001. J Natl Cancer Inst 2008; 100(14): 1003–1012. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djn207>.
  5. Taccone FS, Artigas AA, Sprung CL et al. Characteristics and outcomes of cancer patients in European ICUs. Crit Care 2009; 13(1): R15. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/cc7713>.
  6. Puxty K, McLoone P, Quasim T et al. Risk of critical illness among patients with solid cancers: a population-based observational study. JAMA Oncol 2015; 1(8): 1078–1085. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2015.2855>.
  7. KarvunidisT, Lysák D, Matějovič M. Dospělý onkologický nemocný v intenzivní péči. Je již čas říci “ano, zvážíme to” než říkat “ne”?! Anest Intenziv Med 2017; 28(6): 346–353.
  8. Sampson HA, Munoz-Furlong A, Campbell RL et al. Second symposium on the definition and management of anaphylaxis: summary report – Second national institute of allergy and infectious disease/food allergy and anaphylaxis network symposium. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2006; 117(2): 391–397. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.1303>.
  9. Brown SG. Clinical features and severity grading of anaphylaxis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2004; 114(2): 371–376. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2004.04.029>.
  10. McCurdy MT, Mitarai T, Perkins J. Oncologic emergencies, Part I: Spinal cord compression, superior vena cava syndrome, and pericardial effusion. Emerg Med Pract 2010; 12(2): 1–22.
  11. Imazio M, Demichelis B, Parrini I et al. Relation of acute pericardial disease to malignancy. Am J Cardiol 2005; 95(11): 1393–1394. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.01.094>.
  12. Sampat K, Rossi A, Garcia-Gutierrez V et al. Characteristics of pericardial effusions in patients with leukemia. Cancer 2002; 116(10): 2366–2371. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.24946>.
  13. Patel J, Sheppard MN. Primary malignant mesothelioma of the pericardium. Cardiovasc Pathol 2011; 20(2): 107–109. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carpath.2010.01.005>.
  14. Karam N, Patel P, de Filippi C. Diagnosis and management of chronic pericardial effusions. Am J Med Sci 2001; 322(2): 79–87.
  15. Kunitoh H, Tamura T, Shibata T et al. A randomised trial of intrapericardial bleomycin for malignant pericardial effusion with lung cancer. Br J Cancer 2009; 100(3): 464–469. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6604866>.
  16. Rice TW, Rodriguez RM, Light RW. The superior vena cava syndrome: Clinical characteristics and evolving etiology. Medicine (Baltimore) 2006; 85(1): 37–42. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.md.0000198474.99876.f0>.
  17. McCurdy MT, Shanholtz CB. Oncologic emergencies. Crit Care Med 2012; 40(7): 2212–2222. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0b013e31824e1865>.
  18. Behl D, Hendrickson AW, Moynihan TJ. Oncologic emergencies. Crit Care Clin 2010; 26(1): 181–205. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccc.2009.09.004>.
  19. Kim HC, Chung JW, Park SH et al. Systemic-to-pumonary venous shunt in superior vena cava obstruction: Depiction of computed tomography venography. Acta Radiol 2004; 45(3): 269–274.
  20. Marcy PY, Magné N, Bentolila F et al. Superior vena cava obstruction: Is stenting necessary? Support Care Cancer 2001; 9(2): 103–107.
  21. Wilson LD, Detterbeck FC, Yahalom J. Clinical practice. Superior vena cava syndrome with malignant causes. N Engl J Med 2007; 356(18): 1862–1869. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMcp067190>. Erratum in N Engl J Med 2008; 358(10): 1083.
  22. Yu JB, Wilson LD, Detterbeck FC. Superior vena cava syndrome – a proposed classification system and algorithm for management. J Thorac Oncol 2008; 3(8): 811–814. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JTO.0b013e3181804791>.
  23. Cairo MS, Coiffier B, Reiter A et al. TLS expert panel: Recommendations for the evaluation of risk and prophylaxis of tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) in adults and children with malignant disease: An expert TLS panel consensus. Br J Haematol 2010; 149(4): 578–586. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365–2141.2010.08143.x>.
  24. Davidson MB, Thakkar S, Hix JK et al. Pathophysiology, clinical consequences, and treatment of tumor lysis syndrome. Am J Med 2004; 116(8): 546–554. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjmed.2003.09.045>.
  25. Desmeules S, Bergeron MJ, Isenring P. Acute phosphate nephropathy and renal failure. N Engl J Med 2003; 349(10): 1006–1007. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJM200309043491020>.
  26. Lameire NH, Flombaum CD, Moreau D et al. Acute renal failure in cancer patients. Ann Med 2005; 37(1): 13–25.
  27. Coiffier B, AltmanA, Pui CH et al. Guidelines for the management of pediatric and adult tumor lysis syndrome: an evidence-based review. J Clin Oncol 2008; 26(16): 2767. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2007.15.0177>. Erratum in J Clin Oncol. 2010; 28(4): 708.
  28. Darmon M, Guichard I, Vincent F et al. Prognostic significance of acute renal injury in acute tumor lysis syndrome. Leuk Lymphoma 2010; 51(2): 221–227. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10428190903456959>.
  29. Cairo MS, Bishop M. Tumour lysis syndrome: New therapeutic strategies and classification. Br J Haematol 2004; 127(1): 3–11. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365–2141.2004.05094.x>.
  30. Coiffier B, Mounier N, Boloňa S et al. Groupe d’etude des lymphomes de l’adulte trial on rasburicase activity in adult lymphoma: Efficacy and safety of rasburicase (recombinant urate oxidase) for the prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia during induction chemotherapy of aggrssive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma: results of the GRAAL1 study. J Clin Oncol 2003; 21(23): 4402–4406. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.04.115>.
  31. Goldman SC, Holcenberg JS, Finklestein JZ et al. A randomized comparison between rasburicase and allopurinol in children with lymphoma or leukemia at high risk for tumor lysis. Blood 2001; 97(100): 2998–3003. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v97.10.2998>.
  32. Stewart AF. Clinical practice. Hypercalcemia associated with cancer. N Engl J Med 2005; 352(4): 373–379. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMcp042806>.
  33. Gastanaga VM, Schwartzberg LS, Jain RK et al. Prevalence of hypecalcemia among cancer patients in the United States. Cancer Med 2016; 5(8): 2091–2100. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cam4.749>.
  34. Pecherstorfer M, Schilling T, Blind E et al. Parathyroid hormone-related protein and life expectancy in hypercalcemic cancer patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1994; 78(5): 1268–1270. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jcem.78.5.8175989>.
  35. Gurney H, Grill V, Martin TJ. Parathyroid hormone-related protein and response to pamidronate in tumour-induced hypercalcaemia. Lancet 1993; 341(8861): 1611–1613. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140–6736(93)90756–7>.
  36. Horowitz MJ et al. Non-parathyroid hypercalcemia. In: Primer on the metabolic bone disease and disorders of mineral metabolism, 8th ed. Rosen CJ (ed), Bouillon R (ed) et al. Wiley-Blackwell Pub 2013: 562. ISBN 978–1118453889.
  37. Terpos E, Christoulas D, Gavriatopoulou M. Biology and treatment of myeloma related bone disease. Metabolism 2018; 80: 80–90. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2017.11.012>.
  38. Seymour JF, Gagel RF. Calcitriol: the major humoral mediator of hypercalcemia in Hodgkin’s disease and non- Hodgkin’s lymphomas. Blood 1993; 82(5): 1383–1394.
  39. Roodman GD. Mechanisms of bone lesions in multiple myeloma and lymphoma. Cancer 1997; 80(8 Suppl): 1557–1563. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097–0142(19971015)80:8+<1557::aid-cncr5>3.3.co;2-k>.
  40. McCurdy MT, Mitarai T, Perkins J. Oncologic emergencies, Part II: Neutropenic fever, tumor lysis syndrome, and hypercalcemia of malignancy. Emerg Med Pract 2010; 12(3): 1–26.
  41. Slomp J, van der Voort PH, Gerritsen RT et al. Albumin-adjusted calcium is not suitable for diagnosis of hyper- or hypocalcemia in the critically ill. Crit Care Med 2003; 31(5): 1389–1393. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.CCM.0000063044.55669.3C>.
  42. Major P, Lortholary A, Hon J et al. Zolendronic acid is superior to pamidronate in the treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy: a pooled analysis of two randomized, controlled clinical trials. J Clin Oncol 2001; 19(2): 558–567. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2001.19.2.558>.
  43. Trimarchi H, Lombi F, Forrester M et al. Disodium pamidronate for treating severe hypercalcemia in a hemodialysis patient. Nat Clin Pract Nephrol 2006; 2(8): 459–463; quiz 464. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncpneph0248>.
  44. Lipton A, Stopeck A, Von Moos R et al. A meta-analysis of results from two randomized, double-blind studies of denosumab versus zolendronic acid for treatment of bone metastases. J Clin Oncol 2010; 28(15 Suppl): 9015. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.9015>.
  45. Lewis MA, Wahner-Hendrickson A, Moynihan TJ. Oncologic emergencies: pathophysiology, presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. CA Cancer J Clin 2011; 61(5): 287–314. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.3322/caac.20124>.
  46. Mullen EC, Wang M. Recognizing hyperviscosity syndrome in patients with Waldenström macroglobulinemia. Clin J Oncol Nurs 2007; 11(1): 87–95. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1188/07.CJON.87–95>.
  47. Porcu P, Cripe LD, Ng EW et al. Hyperleukocytic leukemias and leukostasis: a review of pathophysiology, clinical presentation and management. Leuk Lymphoma 2000; 39(1–2): 1–18. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10428190009053534>.
  48. Leblond V, Kastritis E, Advani R et al. Treatment recommendations from the Eight international workshop on Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia. Blood 2016; 128(10): 1321–1328. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2016–04–711234>.
  49. Schwartz J, Padmanabhan A, Aqui N et al. Guidelines on the use of therapeutic apheresis in clinical practice-evidence-based approach from the writing committee of the American society for apheresis: the seventh special issue. J Clin Apher 2016; 31(3): 149–162. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jca.21470>.
  50. Marchioli R, Finazzi G, Specchia G et al. Cardiovascular events and intensity of treatment in polycythemia vera. N Engl J Med 2013; 368(1): 22–33. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1208500>.
  51. Stucki A, Rivier AS, Gikic M et al. Endothelial cell activation by myeloblasts: molecular mechanisms of leukostasis and leukemic cell dissemination. Blood 2001; 97(7): 2121–2129. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v97.7.2121>.
  52. Friedenberg AS, Brandoff DE, Schiffman FJ. Type B lactic acidosis as a severe metabolic complication in lymphoma and leukemia: a case series from a single institution and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2007; 86(4): 225–232. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0b013e318125759a>.
  53. Dhuo S, Dadhich RK, Porporato PE et al. Multiple biological activities of lactic acid in cancer: influences on tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis. Curr Pharm Dis 2012; 18(10): 1319–1330.
  54. Porcu P, Danielson CF, Orazi A et al. Therapeutic leukapheresis in hyperleucocytic leukemias: lack of correlation between degree of cytoreduction and early mortality rate. Br J Haematol 1997; 98(2): 433–436.
  55. Franquet T, Müller NL, Lee KS et al. High-resolution CT and pathologic findings of noninfectious pulmonary complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2005; 184(2): 629–637. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.184.2.01840629>.
  56. Capizzi SA, Kumar S, Huneke NE et al. Peri-engraftment respiratory distress syndrome during autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2001; 27(12): 1299–1303. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bmt.1703075>.
  57. Spitzer TR. Engraftment syndrome: double-edged sword of hematopoietic cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2015; 50(4): 469–475. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/bmt.2014.296>.
  58. Hong KT,Kang HJ, Kim NH et al. Peri-engraftment syndrome in allogeneis hematopoietic SCT. Bone Marrow Transplant 2013; 48(4): 523–528. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/bmt.2012.171>.
  59. Afessa B, Tefferi A, Litzow MR et al. Outcome of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 166(10): 1364–1368. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200208–792OC>.
  60. Fan E, Del Sorbo L, Goligher EC et al. An Official American Thoracic Society/European Society of Intensive Care Medicine/Society of Critical Care Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline: Mechanical Ventilation in Adult Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Am J Resp Crit Care Med 2017; 195(9): 1253. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/rccm.201703–0548ST>.
  61. Maude SL, Frey N, Shaw PA et al. Chimeric antigen receptor T cells for sustained remissions in leukemia. N Engl J Med 2014; 371(16): 1507–1517. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1407222>.
  62. Turtle CJ, Hanafi LA, Berger C et al. CD19 CAR-T cells of defined CD4+:CD8+ composition in adult B cell ALL patients. J Clin Investig 2016; 126(6): 2123–2138. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI85309>.
  63. Topp MS, Gokbuget N, Stein AS et al. Safety and activity of blinatumomab for adult patients with relapsed or refractory B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: a multicenter, single-arm, phase 2 study. Lancet Oncol 2015; 16(1): 57–66. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1470–2045(14)71170–2>.
  64. Frey NV, Porter DL. Cytokine release syndrome with novel therapeutics for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2016; 2016(1): 567–572. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/asheducation-2016.1.567>.
  65. Maus MV, Grupp SA, Porter DL et al. Antibody-modified T cells: CARs take the front seat for hematologic malignancies. Blood 2014; 123(17): 2625–2635. Dostupné z DOI: <http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2013–11–492231>.
  66. Truhlář A, Černý V, Černá Pařízková R et al. Doporučené postupy pro resuscitaci ERC 2015: Souhrn doporučení. Urgent Med 2015; Suppl 2015.
Labels
Diabetology Endocrinology Internal medicine
Diagnosing acute acid-base disorders
Extracorporeal removal techniques in toxicology: part 1
Extracorporeal removal techniques in toxicology: part 2
Delirium in the intensive care unit
Sepsis mimics
The role of palliative care in acute care setting
K životnímu jubileu prof. MUDr. Heleny Tlaskalové Hogenové, DrSc.
Z odborné literatury
Article was published in

Internal Medicine

Issue 6
2019 Issue 6
Most read in this issue
Topics Journals
Login
Forgotten password

Enter the email address that you registered with. We will send you instructions on how to set a new password.

Login

Don‘t have an account?  Create new account

#ADS_BOTTOM_SCRIPTS#