Impact of natriuretic peptides in current clinical practice

Czech version

Authors: Eva Ganovská ¹; Jindřich Špinar ^1,2; Jiří Pařenica ^1,2
Authors‘ workplace: Interní kardiologická klinika LF MU a FN Brno, pracoviště Bohunice, přednosta prof. MUDr. Jindřich Špinar, CSc., FESC ¹; Mezinárodní centrum klinického výzkumu – klinika kardiovaskulárních onemocnění FN u sv. Anny Brno, ředitel Gorazd B. Stonkin, M. D., MSc., Ph. D. ²
Published in: Vnitř Lék 2014; 60(5-6): 474-483
Category: Review

Overview

Natriuretic peptides (NP) have been intensively studied and also used in clinical practice. Their use is important for diagnosis and risk stratification of heart failure, pulmonary embolism and acute coronary syndrome. For the correct interpretation of the results is necessary to know factors, which induce elevation of natriuretic peptides. The article shows an overview of the physiology of the NP, the factors that influence the levels of NP, like heart failure, acute coronary syndrome and pulmonary embolism etc. There is also mentioned possibility of using synthetic derivates of natriuretic peptides in therapy of heart failure.

Key words:
acute coronary syndrome – diabetes mellitus – heart failure – natriuretic peptides – obesity – pulmonary embolism – renal insufficiency

Sources

1. Gassanov N, Biesenbach E, Caglayn E et al. Natriuretic peptides in therapy for decompensated heart failure. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2012; 68(3): 223–230.

2. Muller C, Scholer A, Laule-Kilian K et al. Use of B-type natriuretic peptide in the evaluation and management of acute dyspnea. N Engl J Med 2004; 350(7): 647–654.

3. Gutte H, Mortensen J, Jensen C et al. ANP, BNP and Ddimer predict right ventricular dysfunction in patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2010; 30(6) 466–472.

4. Jian L; Fang-Fang Y, Ying-Long Hou. Early diagnosis of rats with acute myocardial infarction by measurement of brain natriuretic peptide. Exp Ther Med 2013; 5(4): 1201–1205.

5. Palazzzuoli A, Masson C, Ronco C et al. Clinical relevance of biomarkers in heart failure and cardiorenal syndrome: the role of natriuretic peptides and troponin. Heart fail Rev 2013; 19(2): 1–18.

6. Zamani P, Greenberg BH, Novel Vasodilators. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2013; 10(1): 1–11.

7. Bishu K, Deswal A, Chen H et al. Biomarkers in acutely decompensated heart failure with preserved or reduced ejection fraction. Am Heart J 2012; 164(5): 763–770.

8. Sharp A, Mayet J. The utility of BNP in clinical practice. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2004; 5(2): 53–58.

9. Peng Q, Hu W, Su H et al. Levels of B-type natriuretic peptide in chronic heart failure patients with and without diabetes mellitus. Exp Ther Med 2013; 5(1): 229–232.

10. Krupička J, Janota T, Kasalova Z et al. Natriuretic peptides–physiology, pathophysiology and clinical use in heart failure. Physiol Res 2009; 58(2): 171–177.

11. Yoshimura M, Yasue H, Okumura K et al. Different secretion patterns of atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide in patients with congestive heart failure. Circulation 1993; 87(2): 464–469.

12. Friedecký B, Engliš M, Franeková J et al. Doporučení České společnosti klinické biochemie ke stanovení biochemických markerů poškození myokardu. Klin Biochem Metab 2008; 16(1): 50–55.

13. Pedersen EB, Pedersen HB, Jensen KT. Pulsatile secretion of atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide in healthy humans. Clin Sci (Lond) 1999; 97(2): 201–206.

14. Morita E, Yasue H, Yoshimura M et al. Increased plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 1993; 88(1): 82–91.

15. Málek F. Natriuretické peptidy. Remedia 2002; 12(2) str. 146–151.

16. Kuehnl A, Pelisek J, Bruckmeier M et al. Comparative measurement of CNP and NT-proCNP in human blood samples: a methodological evaluation. J Negat Results Biomed 2013; 12(7): 1–11.

17. Pudil R, Gregor J, Tichý M et al. Natriuretické peptidy a srdeční selhávaní v klinické praxi. Lék Zpr LF UK Hradec Králové 2003; 48(7–8):221–229.

18. Motiwala SR, Januzzi JL. The role of natriuretic peptides as biomarkers for guiding the management of chronic heart failure. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2013; 93(1): 57–67.

19. Panagopoulou V, Spyridon K, Raisakis K et al. NTproBNP: an important biomarker in cardiac diseases. Curr Top Med Chem 2013; 13(2): 82–94.

20. Saremi A, Gopal D, Maisel AS. Brain natriuretic peptide-guided therapy in the inpatient management of decompensated heart failure. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2012; 10(2): 191–203.

21. Sergeeva I, Christoffels VM. Regulation of expression of atrial and brain natriuretic peptide, biomarkers for heart development and disease. Biochim Biophys Acta 2013; 1832(12): 2403–2413.

22. Sullivan DR, West M, Jeremy R. Utility of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) measurement in cardiovascular disease. Heart Lung Circ 2005; 14(2): 78–84.

23. Seung AH, Buying MP, Shan G et al. Stimulation of ANP by angiotensin-(1–9) via the angiotensin type 2 receptor. Life Sci 2013; 93(24): 934–940.

24. Seronde MF, Gayat E, Logeart D et al. Comparison of the diagnostic and prognostic values of B-type and atrial-type natriuretic peptides in acute heart failure. Int J Cardiol 2013; 168(4): 3404–3411.

25. Dietz JR. Mechanisms of atrial natriuretic peptide secretion from the atrium. Cardiovasc Res 2005; 68(1): 8–17.

26. Pudil R, Tichý M. Natriuretické peptidy a srdeční selhání–současný pohled. Klin Biochem Metab 2010; 18(39): 191.

27. Abbey SE, Potter LR. Vasopressin-dependent inhibition of the C-type natriuretic peptide receptor, NPR-B/GC-B, requires elevated intracellular calcium concentrations. J Biol Chem 2002; 277(45): 42423–42430.

28. Lee CY, Burnet JR. Natriuretic peptides and therapeutic applications. Heart Fail Rev 2007; 12(2): 131–142.

29. McArdle CA, Poch A, Kappler K. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate production in the pituitary: stimulation by C-type natriuretic peptide and inhibition by gonadotropin-releasing hormone in alpha T3–1 cells. Endocrinology 1993; 132(5): 2065–2072.

30. Cabiati M, Sabatino L, Caruso R et al. C-type natriuretic peptide transcriptomic profiling increases in human leukocytes of patients with chronic heart failure as a function of clinical severity. Peptides 2013; 47: 110–114.

31. Schirger JA, Heublein DM, Chen HH et al. Presence of Dendroaspis natriuretic peptide-like immunoreactivity in human plasma and its increase during human heart failure. Mayo Clin Proc 1999; 74(2): 126–130.

32. Dal K, Naim A, Yavuz B et al. The relationship between glycemic control and BNP levels in diabetic patiens. Cardiol J 2014; 21(3): 252–256.

33. Kutyrina IM, Rudenko TE, Savel'eva SA et al. Risk factors for cardiovascular system damage in chronic kidney disease. Ter Arkh 2013; 85(9): 69–76.

34. Kawai M, Yoshimura M, Harada M et al Determination of the B-type natriuretic peptide level as a criterion for abnormalities in Japanese individuals in routine clinical practice: the J-ABS Multi-Center Study (Japan Abnormal BNP Standard). Intern Med 2012; 52(2): 171–177.

35. Costello- Boerrighter LC, Boerrighter G, Redfield MM et al. Amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and B-type natriuretic peptide in the general community: determinants and detection of left ventricular dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 47(2): 345–353.

36. Fradley MG, Larsom MG, Cheng S et al. Reference limits for N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in healthy individuals (from the Framingham Heart Study). Am J Cardiol 2011; 108(9): 1341–1345.

37. Luchner A, Behrens G, Stritzke J et al. Long-term pattern of brain natriuretic peptide and N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide and its determinants in the general population: contribution of age, gender, and cardiac and extra-cardiac factors. Eur J Heart Fail 2013;15(8): 859–67.

38. Krauser DG, Lloyd–Jones DM, Chae CU et al. Effect of body mass index on natriuretic peptide levels in patients with acute congestive heart failure: a ProBNP Investigation of Dyspnea in the Emergency Department (PRIDE) substudy. Am Heart J 2005; 149(4): 744–750.

39. Stavrakis S, Pakala A, Thomas J et al. Obesity, brain natriuretic peptide levels and mortality in patients hospitalized with heart failure and preserved left ventricular systolic function. Am J Med Sci 2013; 345(3): 211–217.

40. Peng Q, Hu W, Su H et al. Levels of B-type natriuretic peptide in chronic heart failure patients with and without diabetes mellitus. Exp Ther Med 2013; 5(1): 229–232.

41. Vernuccio F, Grutta G, Ferrara F et al. Cardiorenal syndrome: the role of new biochemical markers. Recenti Prog Med 2012; 103(12): 559–563.

42. Everett BM, Cook NR, Chasman DI et al. Prospective evaluation of B-type natriuretic peptide concentrations and the risk of type 2 diabetes in women. Clin Chem 2013; 59(3): 557–565.

43. McCullough PA, Nowak RM, McCord J et al. B-type natriuretic peptide and renal function in the diagnosis of heart failure: an analysis from the Breathing Not Properly Multinational Study. Am J Kidney Dis 2003; 41(3): 571–579.

44. Yasuda K, Kimura T, Sasaki T et al. Plasma B-type natriuretic peptide level predicts kidney prognosis in patients with predialysis chronic kidney disease. Nephrol Dial Transplantat 2012; 27(10): 3885–3891.

45. Anwaruddin S, Lloyd-Jones DM, Baggish A et al. Renal function, congestive heart failure, and amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide measurement: results from the ProBNP Investigation of Dyspnea in the Emergency Department (PRIDE) Study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 47(1): 91–97.

46. Jannuzi JL, van Kimmenade R, Lainchbury J et al. NT-proBNP testing for diagnosis and short-term prognosis in acute destabilized heart failure: an international pooled analysis of 1256 patients: the International Collaborative of NT-proBNP Study. Eur Heart J 2006; 27(3): 330–337.

47. Galvani M, Ottani F, Oltrona R et al. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide on admission has prognostic value across the whole spectrum of acute coronary syndromes. Circulation 2004; 110(2): 128–134.

48. Weber M, Kleine C, Keil E et al. Release pattern of N–terminal pro B–type natriuretic peptide (NT–proBNP) in acute coronary syndromes. Clin Res Cardiol 2006; 95(5): 270–280.

49. Ferraro S, Ardoino I, Bassani N et al. Multi-marker network in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention: When and what to measure. Clin Chim Acta 2013; 417: 1–7.

50. Tello-Montoliu A, Marín F, Rodlán V et al. The additive value of biomarkers to clinical risk scores in acute coronary syndrome. Are biomarkers really ready for real world usage? Heart 2010; 96(3): 227–228.

51. Qin YW, Teng X, He JQ et al. Increased plasma levels of intermedin and brain natriuretic peptide associated with severity of coronary stenosis in acute coronary syndrome. Peptides 2013; 42: 84–8. Dostupné z DOI: <http://doi: 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.01.011>.

52. Graving J, Smedsrud MK, Omland T et al. Sensitive troponin assays and N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide in acute coronary syndrome: Prediction of significant coronary lesions and long-term prognosis. Am Heart J 2013; 165(5): 716–724.

53. Durak-Nalbantić A, Džubur A, Dilić M et al. Brain natriuretic peptide release in acute myocardial infarction. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2012; 12(3): 164–168.

54. Chan D, Ng LL. Biomarkers in acute myocardial infarction. BMC Med 2010; 8: 34. Dostupné z DOI: <http://doi: 10.1186/1741–7015–8-34>.

55. Zdravkovic V, Mladenovic V, Colic M et al. NT-proBNP for prognostic and diagnostic evaluation in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Kardiol Pol 2013; 71(5): 472–479.

56. Morrow DA, Cannon CP, Jesse RL et al. National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory Medicine Practice Guidelines: clinical characteristics and utilization of biochemical markers in acute coronary syndromes. Clin Chem 2007; 53(4): 552–574.

57. Meune C, Drexler B, Haaf P et al. The GRACE score's performance in predicting in-hospital and 1-year outcome in the era of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays and B-type natriuretic peptide. Heart 2011; 97(18): 1479–1483.

58. Linskey K, Lewandrowski K. The role of B-type natriuretic peptide testing in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Minerva Cardioangiol 2012; 60(2): 175–182.

59. Aspromonte N, Di Fusco SA, Latini R et al. Natriuretic peptides in acute chest pain and acute coronary syndrome: from pathophysiology to clinical and prognostic applications. Coron Artery Dis 2013; 24(1): 33–39.

60. Verschuren F, Bonnet M, Benoit MO et al. The prognostic value of pro-B-Type natriuretic peptide in acute pulmonary embolism. Thromb Res 2013; 131(6): e235-e239. Dostupné z DOI: <http://doi: 10.1016/j.thromres.2013.03.009>.

61. Laiho VP, Harjola, M Graner et al. Helical computerized tomography and NT-proBNP for screening of right ventricular overload on admission and at long term follow-up of acute pulmonary embolism. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med 2012; 20:33. Dostupné z DOI: <http://doi: 10.1186/1757–7241–20–33>.

62. Coutance G, Cauderlier E, Ehtisham J et al. The prognostic value of markers of right ventricular dysfunction in pulmonary embolism: a meta-analysis. Crit Care 2011; 15(2): R103.

63. Givertz MM, Teerlink JR, Albert NM et al. Acute decompensated heart failure: update on new and emerging evidence and directions for future research. J Card Fail 2013; 19(6): 371–389.

64. Bishu K, Deswal A, Chen HH et al. Biomarkers in acutely decompensated heart failure with preserved or reduced ejection fraction. Am Heart J 2012; 164(5): 763–770.

65. Parenica J, Spinar J, Vitovec J et al. Long-term survival following acute heart failure: The Acute Heart Failure Database Main registry (AHEAD Main). Eur J Intern Med 2012; 24(2): 151–160.

66. Eurlings LW, van Pol PE, Kok WE et al. Management of chronic heart failure guided by individual N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide targets: results of the PRIMA (Can PRo-brain-natriuretic peptide guided therapy of chronic heart failure IMprove heart fAilure morbidity and mortality?) study. J Am College Cardiol 2010; 56(25): 2090–2100.

67. Gaggin HK, Januzzi JL. Biomarkers and diagnostics in heart failure. Biochim Biophys Acta 2013; 1832(12): 2442–2450.

68. Ludka O, Štípal R, Šenkyříková M et al. The importance of admission and discharge bnp assessment in patients hospitalized for acutely decompensated chronic systolic heart failure. Cor et Vasa 2013; 55(4): e286-e292.

69. Lesogor A, Cohn JN, Latini R et al. Interaction between baseline and early worsening of renal function and efficacy of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system blockade in patients with heart failure: insights from the Val-HeFT study. Eur J Heart Fail 2013; 15(11): 1236–1244.

70. Peng L, Yong L, Yi-Ming C et al. B-type natriuretic peptide-guided chronic heart failure therapy: a meta-analysis of 11 randomised controlled trials. Heart Lung Circ 2013; 22(10): 852–860.

71. McMurray J, Adamopoulos S, Anker SD et al. ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012: The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure 2012 of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur Heart J 2012; 33(14): 1787–1847.

72. Špinar J, Vítovec J, Hradec J et al. Czech Society of Cardiology guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure 2011. Cor et Vasa 2012; 54(2): e113-e134.

73. Špinar J, Vítovec J, Hradec J et al. Co je nového v Evropských doporučeních pro diagnostiku a léčbu srdečního selhání. Kardiol revue 2012; 14(3): 211–212.

74. Hradec J, Vitovec J, Spinar J et al. Summary of the ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012. Prepared by the Czech Society of Cardiology. Cor et Vasa 2013; 55(1): e25-e40.

75. Ogawa T, de Bold AJ. Brain natriuretic Peptide production and secretion in inflammation. J Transplant 2012; 2012: 962347. Dostupné z DOI: <http://doi: 10.1155/2012/962347>.

76. Hill DA, Drazner MH, de Lemons JA et al. Do established biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide and troponin predict rejection? Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2013; 18(5): 581–588.

77. Gopal DJ, Iqbal MN, Maisel A. Updating the role of natriuretic peptide levels in cardiovascular disease. Postgrad Med 2011; 123(6): 102–113.

78. van Empel VP, Kaye DM. Integration of exercise evaluation into the algorithm for evaluation of patients with suspected heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Int J Cardiol 2013; 168(2): 716–722.

79. Scirica BM, Kadakia MB, de Lemos JA et al. Association between Natriuretic Peptides and Mortality among Patients Admitted with Myocardial Infarction: A Report from the ACTION Registry®–GWTG™. Clin Chem 2013; 59(8): 1205–1214.

80. Troughton R, Michael Felker G, Januzzi JL. Natriuretic peptide-guided heart failure management. Eur Heart J 2014; 35(1): 16–24.

81. Savarase G, Trimarco B, Dellegrottaglie S et al. Natriuretic peptide-guided therapy in chronic heart failure: a meta-analysis of 2,686 patients in 12 randomized trials. PLoS One 2013; 8(3): e58287. Dostupné z DOI: <http://doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058287>.

82. Wang TJ, Larson MG, Levy D et al. Plasma natriuretic peptide levels and the risk of cardiovascular events and death. N Engl J Med 2004; 350(7): 655–663.

83. Fradley MG, Larson MG, Cheng S et al. Reference limits for N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in healthy individuals (from the Framingham Heart Study). Am J Cardiol 2011; 108(9): 1341–1345.

84. Carlsen CM, Bay M, Kirk M et al. Prevalence and prognosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and elevated N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide: a 10-year analysis from the Copenhagen Hospital Heart Failure Study. Eur J Heart Fail 2012; 14(3): 240–247.

85. Poss J, Link A, Bohm M et al. Pharmacological treatment of acute heart failure: current treatment and new targets. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2013; 94(4): 499–508.

86. Bejšovec J, Jokl I. Natriuretický peptid typu B (BNP)–použitelnost v diferenciální diagnostice dušnosti. Vnitř Lék 2005; 51(6): 658–663.

87. Mueller C, Maisel A, Mebazaa A et al. The Use of B Type Natriuretic Peptides in the Intensive Care Unit. Congestive Heart Failure 2008; 14(4): 43–45.

88. Thygesen K, Mair J, Mueller C et al. Recommendations for the use of natriuretic peptides in acute cardiac care: a position statement from the Study Group on Biomarkers in Cardiology of the ESC Working Group on Acute Cardiac Care. Eur Heart J 2012; 33(16): 2001–2006.

89. Omar AS, Ur Rahman M, Dhatt GS et al. Dynamics of brain natriuretic peptide in critically ill patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. Saudi J Anaesth 2013; 7(3): 270–276.

90. Rivers EP, McCord J, Otero R et al. Clinical utility of B-type natriuretic peptide in early severe sepsis and septic shock. J Intensive Care Med 2007; 22(6): 363–373.

91. Thygesen K, Mair J, Mueller C et al. Recommendations for the use of natriuretic peptides in acute cardiac care A position statement from the Study Group on Biomarkers in Cardiology of the ESC Working Group on Acute Cardiac Care. Eur Heart J 2012; 33(16): 2001–2006.