Evoluce a evoluční teorie pro lékaře
V. Darwinovy teorie evoluce
Authors:
F. Koukolík
Authors‘ workplace:
Oddělení patologie a molekulární medicíny
; Národní referenční laboratoř prionových chorob
; Fakultní Thomayerova nemocnice s poliklinikou, Praha
Published in:
Prakt. Lék. 2010; 90(5): 268-273
Category:
Editorial
Overview
“Darwin’s theory” is an inaccurate term. In reality there are five basic Darwinian theories of evolution. In addition to rejecting biblical literalism Darwin’s theories impeded and impede essentialism and finalism. Essentialism is a basis of transmutationism and transformationism, both antiquated theories. Darwin replaced essentialism by population thinking. So-called Modern synthesis (neo-Darwinism) evolved in the first half of the last century. Contemporary evolutionary genomics corroborates three of the six pillars of Modern synthesis:
- random heritable variations,
- uniformitarianism and
- the last universal common ancestor,
but refutes the next three pillars:
natural selection as the main driving force of evolution,
gradualism (evolution in „infinitesimally“ small steps), and
a single large Tree of life.
Key words:
Darwin’s five theories, six theoretical pillars of Modern synthesis (neodarwinism), contemporary evolutionary genomics.
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