Late Complications of Parkinson's Disease - Clinical Manifestations, Treatment

Overview

Parkinson's disease is the most frequent cause or parkinsonism. Basic clinical symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) are tremor at rest, rigidity, akinesia and affection of the postaral reflexes. After several years of treatment of Parkinson's disease further symptoms develop associated with PD and modifying its clinical picture. Dominating late complications of PD are motor symptoms (dyskinesia, involuntary movements, fluctuations of the state of mobility). Neuropsychiatric, autonomous, sensitive and sensory complications may also develop. In treatment of these late complications at present several other groups of antiparkinsonian drugs are used (dopamine agonists, catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors, amantadine infusions) and remedial rehabilitation. In a certain proportion of patients with late complications surgical treatment is possible.

Key words:
Parkinson's disease - late complications - diagnosis -treatment.