Has prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of congenital kidney anomalies improved?

Czech version

Authors: Flögelová Hana ^1,2; Šuláková Soňa ³; Šarapatka Jan ⁴; Čivrný Jakub ⁵; Laubová Jana ⁶
Authors‘ workplace: Lékařská fakulta, Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci ¹; Dětská klinika, Fakultní nemocnice Olomouc ²; Novorozenecké oddělení, Fakultní nemocnice Olomouc ³; Urologická klinika, Fakultní nemocnice Olomouc ⁴; Radiologická klinika, Fakultní nemocnice Olomouc ⁵; Nefrologická ambulance, Dětská klinika, Masarykova nemocnice, Ústí nad Labem ⁶
Published in: Čes-slov Pediat 2023; 78 (6): 303-307.
Category: Original Papers
doi: https://doi.org/10.55095/CSPediatrie2023/033

Overview

Objective: To assess advances in detecting severe kidney anomalies by prenatal ultrasound (US) screening over the last 13 years.

Methods: The study compared two groups of children born in the University Hospital Olomouc in 2005-2008 (Group A) and in 2018-2020 (Group B) who had severe congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) requiring surgery by two years of age. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher’s exact test.

Results: Both groups showed a similar range of severe CAKUT requiring surgery: ureteropelvic junction obstruction, obstructed or refluxing megaureter, posterior urethral valves, and duplicated collecting system associated with reflux or obstruction. Group A comprised 16 surgically treated children, of whom seven (44%) had negative prenatal US findings. Group B consisted of 15 surgically treated children, with only one (7%) having a negative prenatal US scan. The difference was statistically significant (p=0.037).

Conclusion: Results from the Olomouc region suggest that the detection of most severe CAKUT by prenatal US has considerably improved over the last 13 years.

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