New possibilities of echocardiography in the diagnosis of the subclinical form of cardiotoxicity as a consequence of the treatment of children’s oncological diseases

Czech version

Authors: Burešová Miroslava
Authors‘ workplace: Dětské kardiologické oddělení, Pediatrická klinika, Lékařská fakulta Masarykovy univerzity a Fakultní nemocnice Brno
Published in: Čes-slov Pediat 2022; 77 (5): 297-302.
Category: Comprehensive Report
doi: https://doi.org/10.55095/CSPediatrie2022/048

Overview

Cancer in children is the second most common cause of death after injuries. The dramatic progress achieved in the treatment of cancer in children also brings with it the clinical problem of maximizing the benefit of anticancer therapy and at the same time eliminating the late consequences as much as possible. Cardiotoxicity is a very serious side effect of cancer treatment. The method of choice for its detection is echocardiographic examination of the heart. In clinical practice, conventional echocardiographic modalities, such as the measurement of the ejection fraction by the Teichholz method, are still widely used to evaluate left ventricular systolic function. However, we currently have new echocardiographic parameters for early detection of changes in myocardial contractile function. It is a Speckle tracking echocardiography that is able to assess both global and regional myocardial deformity. This method is a non-invasive ultrasound method and detects early stages of left ventricular dysfunction at a time when its ejection fraction is still normal. In particular, the value of the global longitudinal strain should be crucial for predicting the change in ejection fraction. This method shows great potential for time stratification of high-risk patients in the field of cardiooncology.

Keywords:

cardiotoxicity – speckle tracking echocardiography – left ventricular ejection fraction – global longitudinal strain

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