Spectrum of Lipids in Intrauterine Retarded Fetuses

Czech version

Authors: Z. Hájek ¹; P. Drbohlav ¹; R. Češka ²; A. Hořínek ²; J. Fiedler ³
Authors‘ workplace: Gynekol. -porod. klinika 1. LF UK a VFN, Praha, přednosta prof. MUDr. J. Živný, DrSc. 2 III. interní klinika 1. LF UK a VFN, Praha, přednosta prof. MUDr. J. Marek, DrSc. 3 Biologický ústav 1. LF UK Praha, přednosta doc. MUDr. J. Kapras, CSc. ¹
Published in: Ceska Gynekol 2000; (3): 123-127
Category:

Overview

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the parameters ofindividual serum lipids and the degree of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) of the fetus.The lipid levels were compared in fetuses with IUGR and in eutrophic fetuses and it was determi-ned in which studied variable IUGR newborns differ from healthy newborns.Methods: The group under study consisted of 53 pregnant women in whom IUGR of the fetus wasdiagnosed by ultrasound during pregnancy. The control group consisted of 26 women who gavebirth to eutrophic newborns. The cases in the control group were chosen by the method ofmatched control so that the results could be statistically evaluated in both groups at the samegestational age and at the same maternal age. In both groups blood samples from the umbilicalcord were taken after delivery and the whole spectrum of lipid levels were evaluated (cholesterol-CH, triglycerides-TGA, high-density lipoprotein-HDL, low-density lipoprotein-LDL, Lp(a) lipopro-tein, and apolipoproteins-ApoB, ApoAI, ApoE). The same parameters were evaluated in maternaland paternal blood samples. In several cases, intrauterine lipid levels of the fetus were determi-ned by cordocentesis. The incidence of hyperlipoproteinemia in the families of both groups wassurveyed.Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 1 st medical Faculty, Charles University, Pra-gue.Results: There was a significant incidence of hyperlipoproteinemia in the families of the mothersin the group studied (chi-square test: p < 0.001). In the mothers of the groups studied, there werestatistically significant higher levels of HDL, LDL, and Lp(a) in comparison to the mothers in thecontrol group. A significant dependence was determined between the levels of ApoAI and Lp(a) ofthe mothers and newborns. In the regression analysis of the dependence of lipid levels on thebirth weight of the newborns, a statistical correlation was determined for the values of ApoB andLp(a).Conclusion: The more increased the intrauterine growth retardation of the fetus and the lower itsbirth weight in relation to its gestational age, the higher its lipid levels, specifically apolipopro-teins. Apolipoproteins are under genetic control and present a genetic risk for changes in themetabolism of cholesterol, hemocoagulation, and cardiovascular disease in adulthood.

Key words:
intrauterine growth retardation of the fetus, IUGR, lipids

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