Planned out-of-hospital birth – neonatologist's perspective

Czech version

Authors: A. Staníková
Authors‘ workplace: Neonatologické oddělení, FN Brno
Published in: Čes-slov Neonat 2022; 28 (2): 121-125.
Category: Reviews

Overview

Most deliveries are spontaneous in their onset, low risk at the start of labor and remain so throughout labor and delivery. However, complications can occur even whit a physiologically ongoing birth. Therefore, it is essential, that an educated and properly reacting person (midwife, physician) is present at every birth. The goal of obstetrics remains above all the safe delivery of a healthy newborn without endangering the health of the woman, but at the same time respecting the mother’s autonomy, her wishes and needs. The issue of alternative, and especially planned home births, resonates in the Czech society and affects both obstetricians and neonatologists. The article deals with the topic from a historical perspective, maps the current situation in the Czech Republic in comparison with other countries and outlines the necessity of setting rules for the safe home deliveries.

Keywords:

planned out-of-hospital birth – unplanned out-of-hospital birth – perinatal emergencies – fetal-to-neonatal maladaptation – neonatal mortality and morbidity

Sources

1. Vránová V. Historie babictví a současnost porodní asistence: život před životem; porod jako zázrak; první tři minuty a jak dál; přirozený porod jako cesta ke společnosti bez násilí. 1. vyd. Olomouc: Univerzita Palackého 2007.

2. Velebil P. Česká republika – perinatologické výsledky. XXXVII. Celostátní konference sekce perinatologie a fetomaternální medicíny. V Praze 7.−9. 4. 2022.

3. Leboyer F. Birth without violence. India International Centre Quarterly 1978; 5(3): 155–62.

4. de Jonge A, Baron R, Westerneng M, Twisk J, Hutton EK. Perinatal mortality rate in the Netherlands compared to other european countries: a secondary analysis of euro-peristat data. Midwifery 2013; 29(8): 1011−1018.

5. Offerhaus PM, Hukkelhoven CW, de Jonge A, van der Palde Bruin KM, Scheepers PL, Lagro-Janssen AL. Persisting rise in referrals during labor in primary midwife-led care in the Netherlands. Birth 2013; 40(3): 192−201.

6. Ročenka Gynekologicko-porodnické kliniky LF MU a FN Brno. 2017−2021. [online] [cit. 29. 9. 2022]. Dostupné na: https://www. fnbrno.cz/gynekologicko-porodnicka-klinika/k1447

7. Nygaard SS, Kesmodel US. Home births: where are we heading? Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2018; 97(10): 1155−1156.

8. Hollowell J, Li Y, Malouf R, Buchanan J. Women‘s birth place preferences in the United Kingdom: a systematic review and narrative synthesis of the quantitative literature. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2016; 16(1): 213.

9. Jackson MK, Schmied V, Dahlen HG. Birthing outside the system: the motivation behind the choice to freebirth or have a homebirth with risk factors in Australia. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020; 20(1): 254.

10. Lang G, Farnell EA 4th, Quinlan JD. Out of hospital birth. Am Fam Physician 2021; 103(11): 672−679.

11. Kantor L. XXXIII. Neonatologické dny. České Budějovice. 2017

12. ACOG Committee. Opinion No. 476: planned home birth. Obstet Gynecol 2011; 117(2 pt 1): 425−428.

13. Wax JR, Lucas FL, Lamont M, Pinette MG, Cartin A, Blackstone J. Maternal and newborn outcomes in planned home birth vs planned hospital births: a metaanalysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010; 203(3): 243.e1−8.

14. Gutvirtz G, Wainstock T, Landau D, Sheiner E. Unplanned out of hospital birth: short and long term consequences for the offspring. J Clin Med 2020; 9(2): 339.

15. Flanagan B, Lord B, Barnes M. Is unplanned out of hospital birth managed by paramedics ‚infrequent‘, ‚normal‘ and ‚uncomplicated‘? BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2017; 17(1): 436.

16. Meuchel L, Zwerling B, Shields M, Cheng YW, Caughey AB. Late preterm delivery: comparison of outcomes in hospital vs. Out of hospital birth. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2014; 210(4): 333.

17. Shields M, Zwerling B, Caughey AB, Cheng YW. Outcomes of hospital versus out of hospital birth in vaginal birth after cesarean. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 216(1): 474

18. Snowden JM, Caughey AB, Cheng YW. Planned out of hospital birth and birth outcomes. N Engl J Med 2016; 374(22): 2190−2191.

19. Campiotti M, Campi R, Zanetti M, Olivieri P, Faggianelli A, Bonati M. Low-risk planned out of hospital births: characteristics and perinatal outcomes in different italian birth settings. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17(8): 2718.

20. Phillippi JC, Danhausen K, Alliman J, Phillippi RD. Neonatal outcomes in the birth center setting: a systematic review. J Midwifery Womens Health 2018; 63(1): 68−89. doi: 10.1111/ jmwh.12701.

21. Hutton EK, Reitsma A, Simioni J, Brunton G, Kaufman K. Perinatal or neonatal mortality among women who intend at the onset of labour to give birth at home compared to women of low obstetrical risk who intend to give birth in hospital: a systematic review and meta-analyses. E Clinical Medicine 2019; 14: 59−70.

22. Durnová A, Hejzlarová E. Domácí porody v Česku: motivace, důvody a názory žen, které rodily plánovaně doma (2015−2020) [online]. Výzkumná zpráva [cit. 15. 7. 2022]. Dostupné na: https:// fsv.cuni.cz/sites/default/files/uploads/files/18-10042s_vyzkumnazprava_ Durnova_Hejzlarova_27_1_2021.pdf

23. Madar J, Roehr CC, Ainsworth S, Ersda H, Morley C, Rüdiger M, Skåre C, Szczapa T, Te Pas A, Trevisanuto D, Urlesberger B, Wilkinson D, Wyllie JP. Versorgung und reanimation des neugeborenen nach der geburt: leitlinien des european resuscitation council 2021 (Newborn resuscitation and support of transition of infants at birth). Notf Rett Med 2021; 24(4): 603−649.

24. Straňák Z. Resuscitační a post-resuscitační péče o novorozence. Praha: IPVZ 2015.