The relationship of serum BAFF and APRIL levels to selected biomarkers of multiple myeloma
Authors:
T. Pika 1; Z. Heřmanová 2; P. Lochman 3; J. Minařík 1; P. Krhovská 1; J. Zapletalová 4; V. Ščudla 1
Authors‘ workplace:
Hematoonkologická klinika, LF UP a FN Olomouc
1; Ústav imunologie, LF UP a FN Olomouc
2; Oddělení klinické biochemie, FN Olomouc
3; Ústav lékařské biofyziky, LF UP Olomouc
4
Published in:
Klin. Biochem. Metab., 24, 2016, No. 3, p. 129-132
Overview
Introduction:
Bone marrow microenvironment in relation to the infiltration of myeloma cells is characterized by a wide cytokine network and intercellular interactions. A number of biological parameters are playing important role of activation and proliferation factors. The aim of our study was to compare the relationship of serum levels of APRIL and BAFF molecules to selected biological indicators of multiple myeloma.
Material and methods:
The examined group consisted of 195 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. To determine the serum levels of BAFF molecules (ng/L) and APRIL (µg/L) quantitative sandwich ELISA (R & D Systems) was used. The obtained values were correlated with serum β2-microglobulin (β2m), thymidine kinase (TK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine (Cr), albumin, hemoglobin, and platelet levels. To assess the relation to the stage of the disease, BAFF and APRIL levels were compared between the stages of staging systems according to Durie - Salmon and International Staging System. With regard to the technical limitations of test kits for APRIL, for statistical analysis margin interval levels <3 and ≥3 µg/L were selected.
Results:
In the case of BAFF molecules, statistical analysis found positive correlation with levels of LDH (r = 0.223; p = 0.002), albumin (r = 0.208; p = 0.004), β2m (r = 0.175; p = 0.020) and TK (r = 0.189; p = 0.015). In the case of APRIL analysis, we found a positive correlation of higher values (≥ 3 ng/mL) with serum levels of creatinine (p = 0.027), LDH (p = 0.028) and β2m (p = 0.040).
Conclusion:
BAFF and APRIL molecules are important components of cytokine network of multiple myeloma having an intimate relationship to the pathogenesis, and appear as potential indicators of malignant evolution and disease progression. Our analysis confirmed the relationship of the levels of both parameters to selected indicators of MM advancement.
Keywords:
multiple myeloma, BAFF, APRIL, biomarkers.
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Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolism
2016 Issue 3
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