Infectious and other somatic comorbidity in problem drug users – results of a cross-sectional study with medical examination

Česká verze

Authors: V. Mravčík ^1,2,3; Z. Florián ⁴; V. Nečas ^2,3; J. Štolfa ^5,6
Authors place of work: Klinika adiktologie, 1. lékařská fakulta, Univerzita Karlova v Praze a Všeobecná fakultní nemocnice v Praze ¹; Národní ústav duševního zdraví ²; Národní monitorovací středisko pro drogy a závislosti ³; FOCUS – Centrum pro sociální a marketingovou analýzu ⁴; Výukové pracoviště praktického lékařství, 2. lékařská fakulta, Univerzita Karlova v Praze ⁵; Katedra všeobecného praktického lékařství, Institut postgraduálního vzdělávání ve zdravotnictví v Praze ⁶
Published in the journal: Epidemiol. Mikrobiol. Imunol. 65, 2016, č. 1, s. 56-62
Category: Původní práce

Summary

Background:
Problem drug use is associated with excess risk of infectious and other somatic diseases resulting mainly from injecting drug use.

Material and methods:
At the end of 2013, a complete medical history and physical examination was done in 40 problem drug users (30 males and 10 females), mean age 35.5 years (37.0 and 30.9, respectively), recruited in 4 low-threshold facilities in Prague. Of them, 37 were ex- or active injecting drug users, predominantly of methamphetamine (pervitin) and less often of buprenorphine.

Results:
The study physician rated the health status as good or satisfactory in 35 participants and as unsatisfactory in five participants (12.5%). The most common pathologies were dental problems (36 participants, i.e. 90.0%) and skin conditions (15.0%). The most prevalent dental pathology was caries while dermatological disorders were mostly trophic skin lesions on the lower legs, including crural ulcers, and injection site infections. Gynaecological pathology was found in 2 of 10 females. The study subjects were most commonly diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C, status post hepatitis A and B, chronic caries, missing teeth, post-thrombotic swelling and trophic skin lesions on the lower legs, purulent skin lesions, and gastroduodenal ulcer. A vast majority of the study participants were smokers. All were referred to various specialists for further examination or treatment, mostly to stomatology, hepatology, gastroenterology, and internal/general medicine departments. However, in reality the treatment participation rate is low among problem drug users due to the drug use-specific factors and needs that limit access to treatment.

Conclusion:
The incidence of diverse somatic comorbidities requiring standard general medical care is significant among problem drug users. Infectious, dermatological, and dental pathologies are predominant. In areas with high prevalence of problem drug use, implementation of a special program should be considered to provide comprehensive medical care taking account of the special needs of this target group.

Keywords:
somatic comorbidity – infectious diseases – problem drug use – injection drug use – methamphetamine – buprenorphine – medical examination – medical care

Zdroje

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