STUDIE VZTAHU LÉKÁREN A DROGERIÍV PRVNÍCH LETECH SAMOSTATNÉHOČESKOSLOVENSKA (1918 – 1928)*

ithoStudy of Relation Pharmaceutical Store and Chemistis Schops in the First Year’s in theIndependent Czechoslovak Republic (1918–1928)Union of chemists exploited the disputes between pharmacists and legislators for its own prosperity.In 1780 the sale of natural drugs was permitted to the chemists for first time and the Trade Rulesof 1856 (later amended) gave them a possibility of production, preparation and sale of poisons andmedicaments, unless they were reserved for pharmacists only (§15, article 14). Among the firstfounders of chemist’s shops belonged the pharmacists who could not establish their own pharmace-utical store due to lack of finance or complaints from their colleagues. The chemist’s didn’t have tofulfil the obligatory requirements for rooms and equipment, they were not regularly checked andthey had less expenses and also lower prices. Their lower profit from the sale of medicaments wascompensated by selling typical chemist’s articles. The pharmacists brought the level of chemistsnearly to the level of organized pharmacy (pharmaceutics supervisory committee, division intoregions, a two-years special school, producing and purchasing cooperatives). However, around 1925the pharmacists became aliens from the point of view of chemists. The chemists felt their ownexistence threatened and tried to refuse pharmaceutical studies as an approval for chemist tradeand tried to limit the sale of cosmetics and dietetics in the pharmaceutical stores. Wutbashfulness, they themselves dispatched and prepared medicaments on medical and veterinaryprescriptions even though it was illegal. Later they tried to legalize this state during the discussionsof the reform of pharmaceutical law. Protesting pharmacists did not have efficient support eitherfrom the pharmaceutics supervisory committee, Ministry of Health Care, or Chamber of Commerce.The state solution to this problem which lacked any concept, and together with inconsistency anddisunity among pharmacists themselves contributed to deepen the problems between pharmacistsand chemists. Unfortunately, pharmacists often focused on minor matters and omitted the essentialproblems of their profession.

Key words:
pharmaceutical store – chemistis schops – medicine drugstore