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News Human Papillomavirus in Adults – HPV Does Not Choose Gender
A significant part of the population is exposed to human papillomaviruses (HPV) throughout their lives. In recent years, there has been a global effort to increase vaccination coverage not only among children and adolescents who have not yet been vaccinated but also among adult women and men who could benefit from it, including those who have likely already encountered HPV.
News Position of Parenteral Therapy in Patients with Severe COVID-19 Disease
Patients with severe COVID-19 disease are at risk of developing acute respiratory insufficiency requiring non-invasive or invasive pulmonary ventilation. Intensive care therapy is associated with a high risk of severe malnutrition. According to current recommendations by the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, parenteral therapy plays an important role in the nutrition of patients.
News Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outcomes Achieved in Patients with Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer in Central Europe
In June 2020, the journal Radiology and Oncology published the results of an analysis of data from patients with stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from a Central European registry. A large team led by Czech experts focused on the diagnostic and therapeutic procedures used and the treatment results achieved in real-world practice.
News Meta-analysis of the Metabolic Effects of Second-generation Antipsychotics
Second-generation antipsychotics used in the therapy of schizophrenia exhibit varying metabolic profiles. A recently conducted meta-analysis by Italian authors investigated the impact of second-generation antipsychotics on weight gain, BMI, lipid spectrum, and glycemia.
News Key Role of HRCT in Diagnosing Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is often an unjustly overlooked disease. The truth is that it is a rare disease, but the prognosis for patients is very poor. To improve quality of life and chances of longer survival, early diagnosis is crucial, with imaging methods, specifically high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), playing a key role.
News Efficacy and Safety of Dual Bronchodilator Therapy for COPD – From Randomized Clinical Trials to Real-World Clinical Practice
Dual bronchodilator therapy (LAMA + LABA) represents one of the mainstays of treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of the recent systematic review presented below was to assess the efficacy and safety of this dual therapy compared to monotherapy or other combinations in the context of clinical trials and real-world clinical practice.
News Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in Resectable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Antibodies against the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) improve the survival of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, their use has not yet been tested in patients with resectable NSCLC. In 2018, the New England Journal of Medicine published the results of a pilot study of neoadjuvant therapy with nivolumab in patients with resectable NSCLC. Based on the promising results of this study, the investigative team subsequently decided to also test a combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab.
News Options for Reducing or Discontinuing TPO-RA Therapy in ITP Patients − Expert Consensus
There are currently no clear recommendations regarding dose reduction or discontinuation of thrombopoietin receptor agonists (TPO-RA) in patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). A consensus by British authors offers insights into current clinical practice and the related issues.
News Current Findings on Progressive Fibrosis in Interstitial Lung Disease
Leading pulmonologists around the world recently published the first of a series of three review articles on interstitial lung disease in The Lancet Respiratory Medicine journal. This article focuses on histopathology and the relationship of this disease with lung fibrosis. It also addresses the question of whether progressive lung tissue fibrosis pertains only to usual interstitial pneumonia.
News Bone density in hemophiliacs − known and less-known risk factors
Osteopenia or osteoporosis are known comorbidities of hemophilia and concern many of these patients. What all contributes to their development?
News Noonan Syndrome (Not Just) in the Pediatric Cardiologist's Office
Noonan Syndrome (NS) is a genetically determined disease associated with a high prevalence of (not just) congenital heart defects. When is it necessary to consider it in a cardiologist's office, where to refer the patient if suspected, and how to proceed if the diagnosis is confirmed?
News New ESMO Recommendations for Investigating Circulating Tumor DNA
Liquid biopsy has been discussed in oncology for several decades. As we move from conference abstracts to its real-world application in clinical practice, the new recommendations of the European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) describe the examination of circulating tumor DNA from peripheral blood.
News Finding Balance Between Intracranial Efficacy and Adverse Effects of ALK Kinase Inhibition
More than 7 years – that is the current median survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a mutation in the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene who are receiving targeted therapy. Therefore, the quality of life of patients on treatment and the search for a balance between its antitumor efficacy and adverse effects (AEs) is becoming the focus of clinical research. Recently, lorlatinib has been discussed in this context.
News Is exposure to mite allergens in breast milk or house dust a risk factor for asthma and allergies in childhood?
Exposure to mite allergens occurs early in life from both breast milk and house dust (especially bedding). The study presented below examined the impact of exposure to the dominant mite allergen Der p 1 on serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels and the development of bronchial asthma in childhood.
News To what extent can the actual level of ALP, ALT, or bilirubin differ from the measured value?
A physician who bases clinical decisions on laboratory-determined values of biological parameters or their changes should always consider the possible measurement deviation, which for alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), or bilirubin can reach several percent in both positive and negative directions.
News Complete remission of ALK-positive lung cancer in a patient after multiple lines of targeted therapy – a case study
Targeted treatment for driving oncogenic mutations has significantly improved outcomes for patients with ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as well. A case study was recently published in the journal Frontiers in Oncology of a patient with advanced disease who achieved complete remission after several lines of therapy.
News Lorlatinib as an Alternative to CNS Radiotherapy in Patients with NSCLC − Case Studies
Two remarkable case studies from authors at the Netherlands Cancer Institute Antoni van Leeuwenhoek in Amsterdam present patients with advanced NSCLC with metastatic CNS involvement. Treatment with crizotinib led to good control of pulmonary involvement but did not affect metastatic CNS involvement. The introduction of lorlatinib subsequently led to rapid improvement in neurological symptoms, which was also confirmed by CNS imaging.
News Efficacy of Lorlatinib in Patients with ROS1-Positive NSCLC in Clinical Practice
Interesting real-world data have been brought by a study on the efficacy of lorlatinib in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a mutation in the ROS1 gene.
News COVID Pneumonia: How Can Erdosteine Help and What Did a Clinical Study Suggest?
When patients who have recovered from COVID pneumonia begin home treatment, they are often far from being symptom-free. General practitioners and outpatient pulmonologists often have to address these persistent symptoms. According to a study conducted by Recipharm, erdosteine may be a suitable adjunct treatment for these patients, even when they have negative COVID-19 tests. Why is this the case?
News Cognitive changes in MS – what can teriflunomide do?
In Phase III clinical trials, teriflunomide demonstrated its ability to slow down brain tissue atrophy in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). What impact did the treatment have on the cognitive state of these patients?
News Weight-Based Enoxaparin Dosing vs. Standard Dosing in Trauma Patients
Thromboembolic disease is a common comorbidity in adult trauma patients, thus making routine thromboprophylaxis appropriate for these patients, most often in the form of low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH). Standard thromboprophylaxis dosing regimens, however, are often associated with insufficient anti-Xa activity levels. A recently published clinical study by researchers from New York University focused on comparing the standard thromboprophylaxis regimen of enoxaparin with a weight-based dosing regimen in adult trauma patients.
News Excellent effect of sotorasib in a higher line of treatment in a patient with NSCLC with G12C mutation of KRAS – a case study
We present a case study of an elderly patient with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with the selective KRASG12C inhibitor sotorasib in the 5th line of oncological treatment, but with a very exceptional effect.