#PAGE_PARAMS# #ADS_HEAD_SCRIPTS# #MICRODATA#

An effect of continuous and intermittent renal replacement therapy on antibiotic treatment in critically ill patients with sepsis – a practice-based perspective of vancomycin and gentamycin therapies


Authors: N. Petejová 1;  Arnošt Martínek 1;  J. Zahálková 2,3;  J. Ďuricová 4;  J. Plášek 1;  I. Valkovský 1;  M. Grundmann 4;  I. Kacířová 4
Authors‘ workplace: Interní klinika Lékařské fakulty OU a FN Ostrava, přednosta doc. MUDr. Arnošt Martínek, CSc. 1;  III. interní klinika Lékařské fakulty UP a FN Olomouc, přednosta prof. MUDr. Vlastimil Ščudla, CSc. 2;  Hemodialyzační oddělení Šternberk, Středomoravská nemocniční a. s., prim. MUDr. Jana Zahálková, Ph. D. 3;  Ústav klinické farmakologie Lékařské fakulty OU a FN Ostrava, přednostka MUDr. Ivana Kacířová, Ph. D. 4
Published in: Vnitř Lék 2012; 58(6): 448-454
Category: Reviews

Overview

Sepsis and septic shock are common cause of hospitalisation in intensive care unit. Acute kidney injury is an accompanying manifestation of sepsis/septic shock leading to worsening of morbidity and also mortality and requiring use of intermittent or continual renal replacement therapy. Life saving effect is attributed to early and effective antibiotic therapy. Therapeutic drug monitoring and do­sage adjustment is important for successful treatment. Despite therapeutic drug monitoring of both antibiotic agents vankomycin and gentamicin the treatment still rises many questions about the convenient use in septic patients due to their nephrotoxicity.

Key words:
acute kidney injury – renal replacement therapy – antibiotic pharmacokinetics


Sources

1. Rangel-Frausto MS, Pittet D, Costigan M et al. The natural history of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). A prospective study. JAMA 1995; 273: 117–123.

2. Bagshaw SM, Uchino S, Bellomo R et al. Beginning and Ending Supportive Therapy for the Kidney (BEST Kidney) Investigators. Septic acute kidney injury in critically ill patients: clinical characteristics and outcomes. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2007; 2: 431–439.

3. Bellomo R, Ronco C, Kellum JA et al. Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative workgroup. Acute renal failure – definition, outcome measures, animal models, fluid therapy and information technology needs: the Second International Consensus Conference of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI) Group. Crit Care 2004; 8: R204–R212.

4. Wan L, Bagshaw SM, Langenberg C et al. Pathophysiology of septic acute kidney injury: what do we really know? Crit Care Med 2008; 36: S198–S203.

5. Lerolle N, Nochy D, Guérot E et al. Histopathology of septic shock induced acute kidney injury: apoptosis and leukocytic infiltration. Intensive Care Med 2010; 36: 471–478.

6. Rana A, Sathyanarayana P, Lieberthal W. Role of apoptosis of renal tubular cells in acute renal failure: therapeutic implications. Apoptosis 2001; 6: 83–102.

7. Homsi E, Janino P, de Faria JB. Role of caspases on cell death, inflammation, and cell cycle in glycerol-induced acute renal failure. Kidney Int 2006; 69: 1385–1392.

8. Bernard GR, Vincent JL, Laterre PF et al. Recombinant human protein C Worldwide Evaluation in Severe Sepsis (PROWESS) study group. Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis. N Engl J Med 2001; 344: 699–709.

9. Dellinger RP, Vincent JL, Marshall J et al. Important issues in the design and reporting of clinical trials in severe sepsis and acute lung injury. J Crit Care 2008; 23: 493–499.

10. Matějovič M. Ledviny v sepsi. Postgraduální medicína 2010; 9: 1042–1047.

11. Opatrný K jr. Kontinuální mimotělní metody nahrazující funkci ledvin. Vnitř Lék 1996; 12: 818–824.

12. Bellomo R, Palevsky PM, Bagshaw SM et al. Recent trials in critical care nephrology. Contrib Nephrol 2010; 165: 299–309.

13. Uchino S. What is ‚BEST‘ RRT practice? Contrib Nephrol 2010; 165: 244–250.

14. Choi G, Gomersall CD, Tian Q et al. Principles of antibacterial dosing in continuous renal replacement therapy. Crit Care Med 2009; 7: 2268–2282.

15. Kuang D, Verbine AR, Ronco C. Pharmacokinetics and antimicrobial dosing adjustment in critically ill patients during continuous renal replacement therapy. Clinical Nephrol 2007; 67: 267–284.

16. Churchwell MD, Muellert BA. Drug dosing during continuous renal replacement therapy. Semin Dial 2009; 22: 185–188.

17. Veltri MA, Neu AM, Fivush BA et al. Drug dosing during intermittent hemodialysis and continuous renal replacement therapy: special considerations in pediatric patients. Paediatr Drugs 2004; 6: 45–65.

18. Boucher BA, Wood GC, Swanson JM. Pharmacokinetic changes in critical illness. Crit Care Clin 2006; 22: 255–271.

19. Fülöp T, Pathak MB, Schmidt DW et al. Volume-related weight gain and subsequent mortality in acute renal failure patients treated with continuous renal replacement therapy. ASAIO J 2010; 56: 333–337.

20. Novák I, Matějovič M, Černý V et al. Akutní selhání ledvin a eliminační techniky v intenzivní péči. Praha: Maxdorf 2008: 107–122.

21. Eyler RF, Mueller BA. Medscape. Antibiotic dosing in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury. Nat Rev Nephrol 2011; 7: 226–235.

22. Černý V, Kula R, Novák I et al. Sepse v intenzivní péči. Vybraná doporučení v diagnostice a terapii. Praha: Maxdorf 2005: 49–58.

23. Burton ME, Shaw LM, Scheritag JJ et al. Applied Pharmacokinetics & Pharmacodynamics Principles of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. Philadelphia PA: Lippincote Williams & Wilkins 2006: 285–353.

24. Rybak MJ, Lomaestro BM, Rotschafer JC et al. Therapeutic monitoring of vancomycin in adult patients: a consensus review of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, the Infectious Diseases Society of America, and the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists. Am J Health-Syst Pharm 2009; 66: 82–98.

25. James JK, Palmer SM, Levine DP et al. Comparison of conventional dosing versus continuous-infusion vancomycin therapy for patients with suspected or documented gram-positive infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1996; 40: 696–700.

26. Touchette MA, Patel RV, Anandan JV et al. Vancomycin removal by high-flux polysulfone hemodialysis membranes in critically ill patients with end-stage renal disease. Am J Kidney Dis 1995; 26: 469–474.

27. Ariano RE, Fine A, Sitar DS et al. Adequacy of a vancomycin dosing regimen in patients receiving high-flux hemodialysis. Am J Kidney Dis 2005; 46: 681–687.

28. Ahern JW, Lai C, Rebuck JA et al. Expe­rience with Vancomycin in patients receiving slow low-efficiency dialysis. Hosp Pharm 2004; 39: 138–143.

29. Kielstein JT, Czock D, Schöpke T et al. Pharmacokinetics and total elimination of meropenem and vancomycin in intensive care unit patients undergoing extended daily dialysis. Crit Care Med 2006; 34: 51–56.

30. Pallotta KE, Manley HJ. Vancomycin use in patients requiring hemodialysis: a literature review. Semin Dial 2008; 21: 63–70.

31. Del Dot ME, Lipman J, Tett SE. Vancomycin pharmacokinetics in critically ill pa­tients receiving continuous venovenous haemodiafiltration. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2004; 58: 259–268.

32. Zahálková J, Strojil J, Petejová N et al. Dávkovaní vankomycinu při kontinuální náhradě funkce ledvin. Klin Farmakol Farm 2011; 25: 116–121.

33. Halpren BA, Axline SG, Coplon NS et al. Clearance of gentamicin during hemodialysis: comparison of four artificial kidneys. J Infect Dis 1976; 133: 627–636.

34. Gyselynck AM, Forrey A, Cutler R. Pharmacokinetics of gentamicin: distribution and plasma and renal clearance. J Infect Dis 1971; 124 (Suppl): S70–S76.

35. Heintz BH, Matzke GR, Dager WE. Antimicrobial dosing concepts and recommenda­tions for critically ill adult patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy or intermittent hemodialysis. Pharmacotherapy 2009; 29: 562–577.

36. Trotman RL, Williamson JC, Shoemaker DM et al. Antibiotic dosing in critically ill adult patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 41: 1159–1166.

37. Roberts JA, Field J, Visser A et al. Using population pharmacokinetics to determine gentamicin dosing during extended daily diafiltration in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010; 54: 3635–3640.

38. Rea RS, Capitano B, Bies R et al. Suboptimal aminoglycoside dosing in critically ill patients. Ther Drug Monit 2008; 30: 674–681.

39. Marik PE. Aminoglycoside volume of distribution and illness severity in critically ill septic patients. Anaesth Intensive Care 1993; 21: 172–173.

Labels
Diabetology Endocrinology Internal medicine

Article was published in

Internal Medicine

Issue 6

2012 Issue 6

Most read in this issue
Topics Journals
Login
Forgotten password

Enter the email address that you registered with. We will send you instructions on how to set a new password.

Login

Don‘t have an account?  Create new account

#ADS_BOTTOM_SCRIPTS#