Up-to-date radiotherapy for prostate cancer
Authors:
P. Čoupek 1; I. Čoupková 1; T. Prochazka 2; P. Šlampa
Authors‘ workplace:
Masarykův onkologický ústav, Brno
Klinika radiační onkologie LF MU
Přednosta: prof. MUDr. Pavel Šlampa, CSc.
1; Oddělení radiologické fyziky
Vedoucí: Ing. Jan Garčic
2
Published in:
Prakt. Lék. 2014; 94(2): 64-68
Category:
Reviews
Overview
Radiotherapy with radical prostatectomy is one of the basic methods of treatment of prostate cancer. Over the last 20 years, radiotherapy for prostate cancer underwent dramatic development. This progress was made possible in particular by introducing computer tomography, and magnetic resonance afterwards, in the planning of radiotherapy and using software to calculate the dose distribution in space. Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) techniques and intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) are associated with a better dose distribution in comparison with conventional techniques and allow the dose escalation without increasing the risk of morbidity. Further advances in technology led to image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT). It is clearly shown that the ability of radiotherapy to cure prostate cancer is dependent on the dose of radiation. Height of dose is an important predictive factor for survival without clinical and biochemical relapse. The higher the delivered dose, the higher the probability of local control. The article highlights also other aspects associated with radiotherapy for prostate cancer, such as brachytherapy, hormonal therapy in combination with radiotherapy, postoperative radiotherapy after RAPE, hypofractionation, stereotactic radiotherapy and proton beam therapy.
Keywords:
prostate cancer – radiotherapy – hormonal therapy – sequelae of radiotherapy
Sources
1. Bolla M, de Reijke TM, Van Tienhoven G, et al. Duration of androgen suppression in the treatment of prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 2009; 360: 2516–2527.
2. Bolla M, Van Poppel H, Collette L, et al. Postoperative radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy: a randomised controlled trial (EORTC 22911). Lancet 2005; 366: 572–578.
3. Čoupková I, Čoupek P, Krupa P, Šlampa P. Komplikace spojené s radioterapií karcinomu prostaty, jejich prevence a léčba. Urol. praxi 2011; 5: 292–294.
4. Choe KS, Jani AB, Liauw SL. External beam radiotherapy for prostate cancer patients on anticoagulation therapy: how significant is the bleeding toxicity? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010; 76(3): 755–760.
5. Jabbari S, Hansen EK, Roach III M. Prostate cancer. In: Hansen EK, Roach III M. Handbook of evidence-based radiation oncology. Second edition. New York: Springer 2010; 431–477.
6. Jereczek-Fossa BA, Zerini D, Fodor K, et al. Correlation between acute and late toxicity in 973 prostate cancer patients treated with three-dimensional conformal external beam radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010; 78(1): 26–34.
7. Kuban DA, Tucker SL, Dong L, et al. Long-term results of the M. D. Anderson randomized dose-escalation trial for prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008; 70: 67–74.
8. Lim TS, Cheung PCF, Loblaw DA, et al. Hypofractionated accelerated radiotherapy using concomitant intensity-modulated radiotherapy boost technique for localized high-risk prostate cancer: Acute toxicity result. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008; 72(1): 85–92.
9. Macík D, Staník M, Doležel J. Léčba urologických komplikací spojených s ozářením karcinomu prostaty. Urol. praxi 2011; 5: 295–297.
10. Marzi S, Saracino B, Petrongari MG, et al. Modeling of alpha/beta for late rectal toxicity from a randomized phase II study: conventional versus hypofractionated scheme for localized prostate cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2009; 28: 117.
11. Odrážka K, Doležel M, Vaňásek J. Moderní metody zevní radioterapie v léčbě karcinomu prostaty. Ces Urol 2010; 14(2): 81–91.
12. Odrážka K, Doležel M, Vaňásek J, a kol. Chronická urinární toxicita 3D-CRT a IMRT karcinomu prostaty. Ces Urol 2010; 14(3): 156–163.
13. Odrážka K, Šlampa P, Soumarová R. Karcinomy prostaty. In Šlampa P, Peter J. a kol. Radiační onkologie. Praha: Galén-Karolinum 2007; 287–297.
14. Spiotto MT, Hancock SL, King CR. Radiotherapy after prostatectomy: Improved biochemical relapse-free survival with whole pelvic compared with prostate bed only for high-risk patients. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007; 69: 54–61.
15. Stephenson AJ, Scardino PT, Kattan MW, et al. Predicting the outcome of salvage radiation therapy for recurrent prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy. J Clin Oncol 2007; 25: 2035–2041.
16. Swanson GP, Thompson IM, Tangen CM, et al. Updated results of SWOG 8794: adjuvant radiation for high risk prostate cancer. Radiotherap Oncol 2008; 88(Suppl 2): 148.
17. Swanson GP, Thompson IM, Tangen CM, et al. Update of SWOG 8794: adjuvant radiotherapy for pT3 prostate cancer improves metastasis free survival. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008; 72: 31.
18. Šachlová M, Ondrák M, Novotný I, Polko V. Gastrointestinální slizniční toxicita po radioterapii karcinomu prostaty. Urol. praxi 2011; 5: 298–300.
19. Šefrová J, Paluska P, Odrážka K, Jirkovský V. Chronická gastrointestinální toxicita po zevní radioterapii karcinomu prostaty. Klin Onkol 2009; 22(5): 233–241.
20. Thompson IM, Tangen CM, Paradelo J, et al. Adjuvant radiotherapy for pathological T3 N0 M0 prostate cancer significantly reduces risk of metastases and improves survival: long-term follow up of a randomized clinical trial. J Urol 2009; 181: 956–962.
21. Wiegel T, Bottke D, Steiner U, et al. Phase III postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy compared with radical prostatectomy alone in pT3 prostate cancer with postoperative undetectable prostate-specific antigen: ARO 96-02/AUO AP 09/95. J Clin Oncol 2009; 27(18): 2924–2930.
22. Zelefsky MJ, Levin EJ, Hunt M, et al. Incidence of late rectal and urinary toxicities after three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy and intensity-modulated radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008; 70: 1124–1129.
23. Zelefsky MJ, Yamada Y, Fuks Z, et al. Long-term results of conformal radiotherapy for prostate cancer: impact of dose escalation on biochemical tumor control and distant metastases-free survival outcomes. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008; 71(4): 1028–1033.
24. Zelefsky MJ, Yamada Y, Kollmeier MA, et al. Long-term outcome following three-dimensional conformal/intensity-modulated external-beam radiotherapy for clinical stage T3 prostate cancer. Eur Urol 2008; 53: 1172–1179.
Labels
General practitioner for children and adolescents General practitioner for adultsArticle was published in
General Practitioner
2014 Issue 2
Most read in this issue
- Assessment of fitness to work at night
- Laxatives – safe and effective
- Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
- Up-to-date radiotherapy for prostate cancer