The use of the fytosterols and omega 3 fatty acids in primary and secondary cardiovascular prevention

1. Albert, C.M., Campos, H., Stampfer, M.J. et al. Blood levels of long-chain n–3 fatty acids and the risk of sudden cardiac death. N. Enol. J. Med. 2002, 346, p. 1113–1118.

2. Allen, R.R., Carson, L., Kwik-Uribe, C. et al. Daily consumption of dark chocolade containing flavanols and added sterol esters affects cardiovascular risk factors in a normotensive population with elevated cholesterol. J. Nutr. 2008, 138, p. 725-731.

3. Bays, H, Davidson, M, Shalwitz, R. et al. Prescription omega-3 added on to stable statin therapy: changes in lipid parameters. 16th International Symposium on Drug Affecting Lipid Metabolism, 2007, Abstract 178.

4. Bláha, V. Výživa v prevenci kardiovaskulárních vybrané aktuální aspekty chorob. Postgraduální medicína 2007, 8, s. 897-900.

5. Blair, S.N., Capuzzi, D.M., Gottlieb, S.O. et al. Incremental reduction of serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with the addition of plant stanol ester-containing spread to statin therapy. Am. J. Cardiol. 2000, 84, p. 46-52.

6. Burr, M.L., Fehily, A.M., Gilbert, L.F. et al. Effects of changes in fat, fish and fibre intakes on death and myocardial reinfarction: diet and reinfarction trial (DART). Lancet 1989, 2, p. 757-761.

7. Calo, L., Bianconi, L., Colivicchi, F. et al. N–3 fatty acids for the prevention of atrial fibrillation after coronary bypass surgery. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2005, 45, p. 1723–1728.

8. Cífková, R., Býma, S., Češka, R. et al. Prevence kardiovaskulárních onemocnění v dospělém věku. Vnitř. lék. 2005, 51, s. 1021-1036.

9. Demonty, I., Ebine, N., Kia, X. et al. Fish oil fatty acid esters of phytosterols alter plasma lipids but not red blood cell fragility in hamsters. Lipid 2005, 40, p. 695- 52.

10. Demonty, I., Chan, Y.M., Pelled, D. et al. Fish- oil esters of plant sterols improve the lipid profile of dylipidemic subjects more than do fish- oil sunflower oil esters of plant sterols. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2006, 84, p. 1534-42.

11. Finnegan, Y.E., Minihane, A.M., Leigh-Firbank, E.C. et al. Plant- and marine-derived n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have differential effects on fasting and postprandial blood lipid concentrations and on the susceptibility of LDL to oxidative modification in moderately hyperlipidemic subjects. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2003, 77, p. 783-95.

12. GISSI - Prevenzione Investigators. Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E after myocardial infarction: results of the GISSI Prevenzione trial. Lancet 1999, 354, p. 447-455.

13. Christensen, J.H., Riahi, S., Schmidt, E.B. et al. N-3 fatty acids and ventricular arrhytmias in patients with ischaemic heart disease and implantable defibrillators. Europace 2005, 7, p. 338-344.

14. Jenkins, D.J., Josse, A.R., Beyene, J. et al. Fish oil supplementation with implantable cardioverter defibrilators: A meta analysis. CMAJ 2008, 178, p. 157-164.

15. Jones, P.J.H. Demonty, I., Chan, Y.M. et al. Fish oil esters of platn sterols differ from vegetable- oil sterols esters in triglycerides lowering, carotenoid biovailability and impact on plasminogen aktivator inhibitor-I (PAI-I) concentrations in hypercholesterolemic subjects. Lipids in Health and Disease 2007, 6, p. 28-37.

16. Kraml, P. Hyperlipoproteinemie v klinické praxi. Horizonty diabetologie díl 3. Tigis. 2008.

17. Law, M. Plant sterol and stanol margarines and health. British Med. J. 2000, 320, p. 1-4.

18. Lee, J.H., O´Keefe, J.H., Lavie, C.J. et al. Omega 3 fatty acids for cardioprotection. Mayo Clin. Proc. 2008, 83, p. 324-32.

19. Marchioli, R., Valagussa, F. on behalf of GISSI - Prevenzione Investigators. The results of the GISSI- Prevenzione trial in the general framework of secondary prevention. Eur. Heart. J. 2000, 21 p. 949-52.

20. Meszáros, V., Kerekes, R. Farmakoekonomický model dodatečných nákladů léčby vysoce koncentrovanými purifikovanými omega-3 polynenasycenými mastnými kyselinami v ČR. New EU Magazine of Medicine 2008, 1, s. 31-38.

21. Modrianský, M., Valentová, K., Přikrylová, V. et al. Přírodní látky v prevenci onemocnění trávícího traktu. Chem listy, 2003, 97, s. 540-547.

22. Mozaffarian, D., Rimm, E.B. Fish intake, contaminants and human health. JAMA 2006, 296, p. 1885-1899.

23. Mozaffarian, D., Geelen, A., Brouwer, I.A. et al. Effect of fish oil on heart rate in humans: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Circulation 2005, 112, p. 1945–1952.

24. Shalwitz, R.A., Maki, K.C., Doyle, R.T. et al. Lipoprotein subfraction responses differentially predict changes in lipoprotein- associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) during prescription omega-3 therapy. Abstracts of the Atheriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology Annual Conference 2007, p. 383.

25. Simopoulos, A.P. Omega 3 fatty acids in the prevention management of cardiovascular disease. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 1997, 75, p. 234-239.

26. Siscovick, D.S., Raghunathan, T.E., King, I. et al. Dietary intake and cell membrane levels of long-chain n–3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the risk of primary cardiac arrest. J. Am. Med. ASIC. 1995, 275, p. 836–837.

27. Thies, F., Garry, J.M., Yaqoob, P. et al. Association of n–3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with stability of atherosclerotic plaques: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2003, 36, p. 477–485.

28. Vaverková, H., Soška, V., Rosolová, H. et al. Doporučení pro diagnostiku a léčbu dyslipidemií v dospělosti, vypracované výborem České společnosti pro aterosklerózu. Vnitř. lék. 2007, 53, s. 181-197.

29. von Schacky, C., Angerer, P., Kothny, W. et al. The effect of dietary omega-3 fatty acids on coronary atherosclerosis. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann. Intern. Med. 1999, 130, p. 554–562.

30. von Schacky. C. Omega3 fatty acids and cardiovascular disease. Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care 2007, 10, p. 129-35.

31. von Schacky. C. The role of omega-3 fatty acids in cardiovascular disease. Curr. Atheroscler. Rep. 2003, 5, p. 139–145.

32. Yokoyama, M., Origasa, H., Matsuzaki, M. et al. Effects of eikosapentaenoic acid on major events in hypercholesterolaemic patients (JELIS). a randomised open label blinded endpoint analysis. Lancet 2007, 369, p. 1090-1098.

33. Zatsick, N.M., Mayket, P. Fish oil: getting to the heart of it. J. Nurs. Pract. 2007, 3, p. 104-109.

34. Informace vědeckého výboru pro potraviny ve věci: fytosteroly v potravinách nového typu (PNT). Státní zdravotní ústav Brno. Dostupné na www.chpr.szu.cz/vedvybor/vvp.htm