#PAGE_PARAMS# #ADS_HEAD_SCRIPTS# #MICRODATA#

Biological agents of bioterrorism – preparedness is vital


Authors: J. Janoutová 1,2;  R. Filipčíková 2;  K. Bílek 3;  V. Janout 2
Authors‘ workplace: Ústav zdravotnického managementu, Fakulta zdravotnických věd, Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci 1;  Centrum vědy a výzkumu, Fakulta zdravotnických věd, Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci 2;  Státní ústav jaderné, chemické a biologické ochrany, Milín 3
Published in: Epidemiol. Mikrobiol. Imunol. 69, 2020, č. 1, s. 42-47
Category: Short Communication

Overview

Bioterrorist threats and attacks are still an issue of concern in the world. Biological agents are divided into three categories. The highest priority agents classified in category A pose a massive risk to public health and national security. The society should be prepared for this risk. Health professionals in the Czech Republic should be aware of the diseases caused by category A agents, which are not common in the country.

In this context, the project of the Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic “Decontamination of the injured persons” has been implemented at the Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacký University, Olomouc.

The article provides an overview of selected serious infectious risks and information on the project the aim of which is to create certified methodical procedures and guidelines on situations related to bioterrorism.

Keywords:

Botulism – Decontamination – Anthrax – tularemia – bioterrorism – plague – variola – ebola


Sources

1. Medicabáze.cz: Lékařské repetitorium online [online]. [cit. 2019-08-05]. Dostupné na www: http://www.medicabaze.cz/index.php?sec=term_detail&categId= 6&cname=Infek%C4%8Dn%C3%AD+l%C3%A9ka%C5%99stv%C3%AD&termId=1539&tname=Bioterorismus&h=empty#jump.

2. Göpfertová D, Pazdiora P, Dáňová J. Epidemiologie infekčních nemocí: Učebnice pro lékařské fakulty. Praha: Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Nakladatelství Karolinum, 2002. ISBN 80-246-0452-3.

3. USAMIIRD. Medical management of biological casualties handbook, 8th edn. Fort Detrick: The U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 2014.

4. Center for Disease Control and Prevention: Bioterrorism Agents/Diseases. [online]. 2018 [cit. 2019-08-05]. Dostupné na www: https://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/agentlist-category.asp.

5. World Health Organisation: Smallpox [online]. 2001 [cit. 2019-08-05]. Dostupné na www: https://archive.is/20120529141333/www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/smallpox/en

6. Reardon S. ‘Forgotten’ NIH smallpox virus languishes ondeath row. Nature, 2014;514(7524):544.

7. Kretzschmar M, van den Hof S, Wallinga J, et al. Ring vaccination and smallpox control. Emerg Infect Dis, 2004;10(5):832–841.

8. Henderson DA, Inglesby TV, Bartlett JG, et al. Smallpox as a biological weapon: medical and public health management. Working Group on Civilian Biodefense. JAMA, 1999; 281 (22):2127–2137.

9. Petersen BW, Damon IK, Pertowski CA, et al. Clinical guidance for smallpox vaccine use in a postevent vaccination program. MMWR Recomm Rep 2015;64(RR-02):1–26.

10. Martin GF, Friedlander AM. Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax). In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser JM, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s principles and practice of infectious diseases, updated edition, 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Sanders; 2015:2391–2409.

11. JoNczyk-Matysiak E, KBak M, Weber-Ddbrowska B, et al. Possible Use of Bacteriophages Active against Bacillus anthracis and Other B. cereus Group Members in the Face of a Bioterrorism Threat. BioMed Research International, 2014; 2014, Article ID 735413:14. Dostupné na www: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/735413.

12. Twenhafel NA. “Pathology of inhalational anthrax animal models”. Veterinary Pathology, 2010;47(5):819–830.

13. Mechaly A, Vitner E, Levy H, et al. Simultaneous Immunodetection of Anthrax, Plague, and Tularemia from Blood Cultures by Use of Multiplexed Suspension Arrays. J Clin Microbiol., 2018;56(4):e01479–17. doi: 10.1128/JCM.01479-17.

14. Meselson M, Guillemin J, Hugh-Jones M, et al. The Sverdlovsk anthrax outbreak of 1979. Science 1994;266(5188):1202–1208.

15. Daniel B. Jernigan, Pratima L. Raghunathan, Beth P. Bell, et al. Investigation of Bioterrorism-Related Anthrax, United States, 2001: Epidemiologic Findings. Emerg Infect Dis, 2002;8(10):1019–1028. doi: 10.3201/eid0810.020353.

16. Adalja AA, Toner E, Inglesby TV. Clinical management of potential bioterrorism-related conditions. N Engl J Med, 2015;372(10):954–962.

17. Hendricks KA, Wright ME, Shadomy SV, et al. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention expert panel meetings on prevention and treatment of anthrax in adults. Emerg Infect Dis, 2014;20(2): doi: 10.3201/eid2002.130687.

18. Katharios-Lanwermeyer S, Holty JE, Person M, et al. Identifying meningitis during an anthrax mass casualty incident: systematic review of systemic anthrax since 1880. Clin Infect Dis, 2016;62(12):1537–1545.

19. Krajská hygienická stanice Středočeského kraje se sídlem v Praze [online]. [cit. 2019-07-29]. Dostupné na www: http://www.khsstc.cz/dokumenty/antrax---3720_3720_161_1.html.

20. Lékaři bez hranic [online]. [cit. 2019-07-29]. Dostupné na www: https://www.lekari-bez-hranic.cz/ebola-ceska-republika-mame-se-bat.

21. Státní zdravotní ústav. Horečka Ebola – Informace pro cestující osoby [online]. 2014 [cit. 2019-07-29]. Dostupné na www: http://www.szu.cz/uploads/Epidemiologie/EBOLA/Horecka_Ebola_Informace_pro_cestujici_osoby.pdf.

22. Geisbert TW. Marburg and Ebola hemorrhagic fevers (Marburg and Ebola Viral Diseases) (Filoviruses). In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser JM, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’sprinciples and practice of infectious diseases, updated edition, 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Sanders, 2015:1995–1999.

23. Stanley DA, Honko AN, Asiedu C, et al. Chimpanzee adenovirus vaccine generates acute and durable protective immunity against ebolavirus challenge. Nat Med 2014;20(10):1126–1129.

24. Zhu FC, Hou LH, Li JX, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of a novel recombinant adenovirus type-5 vector-based Ebola vaccine in healthy adults in China: preliminary report of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1 trial. Lancet, 2015;385(9984):2272–2279.

25. Zhu FC, Wurie AH, Hou LH, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant adenovirus type-5 vector-based Ebola vaccine in healthy adults in Sierra Leone: a single-centre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial. Lancet, 2017;389(10069):621–628.

26. World Health Organization (WHO). Statement on the meeting of the International Health Regulations (2005) Emergency Committee for Ebola virus disease in the Democratic Republic of the Congo on 17 July 2019. [online]. Geneva WHO, 2019 [cit. 2019-07-29]. Dostupné na www: https://www.who.int/ihr/procedures/statement-emergency-committee-ebola-drc-july-2019.pdf.

27. Vyhláška č. 379/2017 Sb., kterou se mění vyhláška č. 474/2002 Sb., kterou se provádí zákon č. 281/2002 Sb., o některých opatřeních souvisejících se zákazem bakteriologických (biologických) a toxinových zbraní a o změně živnostenského zákona, ve znění vyhlášky č. 74/2013 Sb. In: Sbírka zákonů, 2017, 379. Dostupné na www: https://www.zakonyprolidi.cz/cs/2017-379.

28. Arnon SS, Schechter R, Inglesby TV, et al. Botulinum toxin as a biological weapon: medical and public health management. JAMA, 2001;285(8):1059–1070.

29. Hodowanec A, Bleck TP. Botulism (Clostridium botulinum). In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser JM, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s principles and practice of infectious diseases, updated edi-tion, 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Sanders, 2015. 2763–2767.

30. Wikiskripta. Biologické zbraně, Botulotoxin [online]. [cit. 2019-07-29]. Dostupné na www: https://www.wikiskripta.eu/w/Biologické_zbraně.

31. Mead PS. Yersinia Species (Including Plague). In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser JM, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s principles and practice of infectious diseases, updated edition, 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Sanders, 2015:2607–2618.

32. Kwit N, Nelson C, Kugeler K, et al. Human Plague – United States, 2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2015;64(33):918–919.

33. Inglesby TV, Dennis DT, Henderson DA, et al. Plague as a biological weapon: medical and public health management. Working Group on Civilian Biodefense. JAMA, 2000;283(17):2281–2290.

34. Kool JL. Risk of person-to-person transmission of pneumonic plague. Clin Infect Dis 2005;40(8):1166–1172.

35. Penn RL. Francisella tularensis (Tularemia). In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser JM, eds. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s principles and practice of infectious diseases, updated edition, 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Sanders, 2015:2590–2602.

36. Dennis DT, Inglesby TV, Henderson DA, et al. Tularemia as a biological weapon: medical and public health management. JAMA, 2001;285(21):2763–2773.

37. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Tularemia – United States, 2001–2010. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2013;62(47):963–966.

38. Státní zdravotní ústav. Výskyt vybraných hlášených infekcí v České republice, leden – červen 2019 [online]. 2019 [cit. 2019-07-29]. Dostupné na www: http://www.szu.cz/publikace/data/2019.

Labels
Hygiene and epidemiology Medical virology Clinical microbiology

Article was published in

Epidemiology, Microbiology, Immunology

Issue 1

2020 Issue 1

Most read in this issue
Topics Journals
Login
Forgotten password

Enter the email address that you registered with. We will send you instructions on how to set a new password.

Login

Don‘t have an account?  Create new account

#ADS_BOTTOM_SCRIPTS#