Pandemický strach a psychická odolnost u těhotných žen po pandemii – studie v Turecku

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Authors: M. Akkuş ¹; Fatih Akkuş ²
Authors‘ workplace: Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Kütahya Health Sciences University, Kütahya, Turkey ¹; Division of Perinatology, Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey ²
Published in: Ceska Gynekol 2024; 89(1): 22-28
Category: Original Article
doi: https://doi.org/10.48095/cccg202422

Overview

Cíl: Cílem této studie bylo prozkoumat u těhotných žen míru strachu, deprese, stresu a úzkosti spojených s pandemií, a to v různých trimestrech v období po pandemii, a určit jejich souvislost s psychickou odolností. Metody: Do studie bylo zařazeno celkem 250 žen, z toho 125 těhotných a 125 zdravých kontrol. Ženy byly dále rozděleny do tří skupin podle trimestru těhotenství. K měření deprese, úzkosti, stresu a psychické odolnosti byla použita škála deprese, úzkosti a stresu (DASS-21 – Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21), škála strachu z epidemie (EDAS – Epidemic Disease Anxiety Scale) a zkrácená škála psychické odolnosti (SPRS – Short Psychological Resilience Scale). Výsledky: Těhotné ženy měly významně vyšší celkové skóre DASS-21 [19 (4–42) ], oproti zdravým kontrolám [11 (1–42) ], p = 0,001. Prevalence deprese, úzkosti a stresu u těhotných byla 23,2 %, 44 % a 20 % oproti 12,8 %, 31,2 % a 9,6 % u zdravých kontrol. Celkové skóre DASS-21 bylo nejvyšší v I. trimestru (21,2 ± 5,8) a III. trimestru (22,8 ± 8,9) a nejnižší v II. trimestru (16,1 ± 6,9). U DASS-21 byla zaznamenána pozitivní korelace s celkovým skóre EDAS a se subškálou vnímání pandemie. Celkové skóre SPRS mělo negativní korelaci s úzkostí, stresem a celkovým skóre DASS-21. Závěr: V období po pandemii byla u těhotných žen zaznamenána vyšší míra deprese, úzkosti, stresu a strachu z pandemie než u netěhotných žen. U těhotných žen byla zjištěna negativní korelace mezi psychickou odolností a depresí, úzkostí či stresem. Tyto závěry svědčí o tom, že pandemie negativně ovlivňuje mentálního zdraví těhotných žen a rovněž ukazují důležitost služeb poskytujících psychickou podporu při ochraně jejich duševního zdraví.

Klíčová slova:

Pregnancy – pandemic-related fear – psychological resilience

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