Charakterizace poruch polykání při myasthenia gravis pomocí flexibilního endoskopického vyšetření

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Authors: A. De C. A. F. De Castro; R. A. Dedivitis; D. S. Queija; L. Arakawa-Sugueno; M. A. Castro; L. L. Matos
Authors‘ workplace: São Paulo Medical School, University, of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. ; Department of Head and Neck Surgery
Published in: Cesk Slov Neurol N 2021; 84/117(4): 374-380
Category: Original Paper
doi: https://doi.org/10.48095/cccsnn2021374

Overview

Cíl: Myasthenia gravis (MG) je autoimunitní onemocnění charakteristické slabostí a rychlou únavou jakýchkoli svalů pod volní kontrolou, které se při vyvinutém úsilí zhoršuje, s možným rozvojem poruch polykání. Cílem této studie bylo charakterizovat poruchy polykání u MG pomocí flexibilního endoskopického vyšetření (fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing; FEES). Metody: Studie byla provedena hodnocením 37 pacientů s MG v období od května 2015 do listopadu 2016. Kromě analýzy klinických a demografických dat byli všichni pacienti vyšetřeni pomocí FEES. Výsledky: Vztah mezi výskytem laryngeální senzitivity a stázou ukázal, že u pacientů se sníženou senzitivitou dochází k stáze slin a kapalin a zejména ke statisticky významné stáze kašovité (p = 0,025) a pevné (p < 0,001) stravy. Závěr: U pacientů s MG se vyskytují poruchy polykání. U nemocných s generalizovaným postižením a větší progresí MG byly pozorovány změny v kontraktibilitě hltanu a snížení laryngeální senzitivity.

Klíčová slova:

myasthenia gravis – poruchy polykání – endoskopie – autoimunitní onemocnění – polykání

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