The incidence of congestive heart failure after myocardial infarction in clinical studies
Authors:
J. Kaňovský; J. Špinar
Authors‘ workplace:
Interní kardiologická klinika LF MU a FN Brno
Published in:
Kardiol Rev Int Med 2010, 12(3): 118-123
Overview
Myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure are two of the most important diagnoses in modern cardiology. The historical development of treatment of these diseases has been determined by many famous clinical trials. We analyzed 28 selected studies that investigated pharmacotherapy of myocardial infarction, dividing them to 4 main groups (beta blockers, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers, statins and antiaggregants). We see in our analysis that there is no evidence that beta blockers, hypolipidemic drugs, or antiaggregants influence the incidence of congestive heart failure. The only positive data we have is the data for renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockers. However, the proof is still missing that the combination of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin-receptor blockers is beneficial in comparison to monotherapy.
Keywords:
congestive heart failure – acute myocardial infarction – clinical trials – beta blockers – RAAS blockers – statins – antiaggregants
Sources
1. Aschermann M et al. Kardiologie. Praha: Galén 2004.
2. Velagaleti RS, Pencina MJ, Murabito JM et al. Long--term trends in the incidence of heart failure after myocardial infarction. Circulation 2008; 118: 2057–2062.
3. Špinar J, Sepši M, Ludka O. Registr Brno – Farmakoterapie po infarktu myokardu. Cor Vasa 2009; 51: 128–130.
4. Špinar J, Ludka O, Sepši M et al. Registr Brno 2: Farmakoterapie po infarktu myokardu. Vnitř Lék 2010; 56: 533–540.
5. Vítovec J, Špinar J et al. Farmakoterapie kardiovaskulárních onemocnění. Praha: Grada 2004.
6. Beta-Blocker Heart Attack Trial Research Group. A randomized trial of propranolol in patients with acute myocardial infarction: II. Morbidity results. JAMA 1983; 250: 2814–2819.
7. The MIAMI Trial Research Group. Metoprolol in acute myocardial infarction (MIAMI). A randomised placebo-controlled international trial. Eur Heart J 1985; 6: 199–226.
8. First International Study of Infarct Survival Collaborative Group. Randomised trial of intravenous atenolol among 16 027 cases of suspected acute myocardial infarction: ISIS-1. Lancet 1986; 2: 57–66.
9. Boissel JP, Leizorovicz A, Picolet H et al. The APSI Investigators. Efficiacy of acebutolol after acute myocardial infarction (the APSI trial). Am J Cardiol 1990; 66: 24C–31C.
10. Roberts R, Rogers WJ, Mueller HS et al. Immediate versus deferred beta-blockade following thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Results of the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) II-B Study. Circulation 1991; 83: 422–437.
11. Dargie HJ. Effect of carvedilol on outcome after myocardial infarction in patients with left-ventricular dysfunction: the CAPRICORN randomised trial. Lancet 2001; 357: 1385–1390.
12. Chen ZM, Pan HC, Chen YP et al. COMMIT (ClOpidogrel and Metoprolol in Myocardial Infarction Trial) collaborative group. Early intravenous then oral metoprolol in 45,852 patients with acute myocardial infarction: randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2005; 366: 1622–1632.
13. Pfeffer MA, Braunwald E, Moyé LA et al. The SAVE Investigators. Effect of captopril on mortality and morbidity in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. Results of the survival and ventricular enlargement trial. N Engl J Med 1992; 327: 669–677.
14. Køber L, Torp-Pedersen C, Carlsen JE et al. Trandolapril Cardiac Evaluation (TRACE) Study Group. A clinical trial of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor trandolapril in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1995; 333: 1670–1676.
15. The Acute Infarction Ramipril Efficacy (AIRE) Study Investigators. Effect of ramipril on mortality and morbidity of survivors of acute myocardial infarction with clinical evidence of heart failure. Lancet 1993; 342: 821–828.
16. Dickstein K, Kjekshus J. OPTIMAAL Steering Committee of the OPTIMAAL Study Group. Effects of losartan and captopril on mortality and morbidity in high-risk patients after acute myocardial infarction: the OPTIMAAL randomised trial. Optimal Trial in Myocardial Infarction with Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan. Lancet 2002; 360: 752–760.
17. McMurray J, Solomon S, Pieper K et al. The effect of valsartan, captopril, or both on atherosclerotic events after acute myocardial infarction: an analysis of the Valsartan in Acute Myocardial Infarction Trial (VALIANT). J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 47: 726–733.
18. Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'infarto Miocardico. GISSI-3: effects of lisinopril and transdermal glyceryl trinitrate singly and together on 6-week mortality and ventricular function after acute myocardial infarction. Lancet 1994; 343: 1115–1122.
19. ISIS-4 (Fourth International Study of Infarct Survival) Collaborative Group. ISIS-4: a randomised factorial trial assessing early oral captopril, oral mononitrate, and intravenous magnesium sulphate in 58,050 patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction. Lancet 1995; 345: 669–685.
20. Ferrari R. Perindopril and Remodeling in Elderly with Acute Myocardial Infarction Investigators. Effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition with perindopril on left ventricular remodeling and clinical outcome: results of the randomized Perindopril and Remodeling in Elderly with Acute Myocardial Infarction (PREAMI) Study. Arch Intern Med 2006; 166: 659–666.
21. Yusuf S, Sleight P, Pogue J et al. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators. Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 145–153.
22. Fox KM. EURopean trial On reduction of cardiac events with Perindopril in stable coronary Artery disease Investigators. Efficacy of perindopril in reduction of cardiovascular events among patients with stable coronary artery disease: randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial (the EUROPA study). Lancet 2003; 362: 782–788.
23. Braunwald E, Domanski MJ, Fowler SE et al. PEACE Trial Investigators. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition in stable coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 2058–2068.
24. Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study Group. Randomised trial of cholesterol lowering in 4 444 patients with coronary heart disease: the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S). Lancet 1994; 344: 1383–1389.
25. Kjekshus J, Pedersenb TR, Olssonb AG et al. The effects of simvastatin on the incidence of heart failure in patients with coronary heart disease. J Card Fail 1997, 3: 249–254.
26. Lewis SJ, Moye LA, Sacks FM et al. Effect of pravastatin on cardiovascular events in older patients with myocardial infarction and cholesterol levels in the average range. Results of the Cholesterol and Recurrent Events (CARE) trial. Ann Intern Med 1998; 129: 681–689.
27. Schwartz GG, Olsson AG, Ezekowitz MD et al. Myocardial Ischemia Reduction with Aggressive Cholesterol Lowering (MIRACL) Study Investigators. Effects of atorvastatin on early recurrent ischemic events in acute coronary syndromes: the MIRACL study: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2001; 285: 1711–1718.
28. Liem AH, van Boven AJ, Veeger NJ et al. FLuvastatin On Risk Diminishment after Acute myocardial infarction study group. Effect of fluvastatin on ischaemia following acute myocardial infarction: a randomized trial. Eur Heart J 2002; 23: 1931–1937.
29. Thompson PL, Meredith I, Amerena J et al. Pravastatin in Acute Coronary Treatment (PACT) Investigators. Effect of pravastatin compared with placebo initiated within 24 hours of onset of acute myocardial infarction or unstable angina: the Pravastatin in Acute Coronary Treatment (PACT) trial. Am Heart J 2004; 148: e2.
30. Pedersen TR, Faergeman O, Kastelein JJ et al. Incremental Decrease in End Points Through Aggressive Lipid Lowering (IDEAL) Study Group. High--dose atorvastatin vs usual-dose simvastatin for secondary prevention after myocardial infarction: the IDEAL study: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2005; 294: 2437–2445.
31. Ray KK, Cannon CP, McCabe CH et al. PROVE IT-TIMI 22 Investigators. Early and late benefits of high-dose atorvastatin in patients with acute coronary syndromes: results from the PROVE IT-TIMI 22 trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 46: 1405–1410.
32. Kim JS, Kim J, Choi D et al. Efficacy of high-dose atorvastatin loading before primary percutaneous coronary intervention in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: the STATIN STEMI trial. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2010; 3: 332–339.
33. Juul-Möller S, Edvardsson N, Jahnmatz B et al. The Swedish Angina Pectoris Aspirin Trial (SAPAT) Group. Double-blind trial of aspirin in primary prevention of myocardial infarction in patients with stable chronic angina pectoris. Lancet 1992; 340: 1421–1425.
34. Yusuf S, Zhao F, Mehta SR et al. Clopidogrel in Unstable Angina to Prevent Recurrent Events Trial Investigators. Effects of clopidogrel in addition to aspirin in patients with acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation. N Engl J Med 2001; 345: 494–502.
Labels
Paediatric cardiology Internal medicine Cardiac surgery CardiologyArticle was published in
Cardiology Review
2010 Issue 3
Most read in this issue
- Contemporary methods to determine glomerular filtration and their clinical relevance
- Pharmacoeconomics for physicians in clinical practice
- Risk factors of atrial fibrillation
- Does ischemic heart disease differ in men and women?