Year 2020 in review – Paediatric anaesthesia

Czech version

Authors: J. Klučka; P. Štourač; E. Klabusayová; M. Kosinová
Authors‘ workplace: Klinika dětské anesteziologie a resuscitace, Fakultní nemocnice Brno a Lékařská fakulta Masarykovy Univerzity v Brně
Published in: Anest. intenziv. Med., 31, 2020, č. 6, s. 292-295
Category: Review Articles

Overview

The global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic significantly influenced also the field of paediatric anaesthesia. Although the COVID-19 disease remains worldwide a significant health, economic and social problem, there are also several other aspects of paediatric anaesthesia, which require our attention. In paediatric anaesthesia, the conflicting areas are premedication, rapid sequence induction, airway management, anaesthesia depth monitoring and reduction of complication incidence. When considering COVID-19, the main aim is to reduce the possible transmission of the disease to the health care professionals and to standardise the airway management. The aim of this review is to summarise the key publications in the field of paediatric anaesthesia with the impact on the daily paediatric anaesthesiology practice.

Keywords:

paediatric anaesthesiology – anaesthesiology – publication – 2020

Sources

1. Practice Guidelines for Preoperative Fasting and the Use of Pharmacologic Agents to Reduce the Risk of Pulmonary Aspiration: Application to Healthy Patients Undergoing Elective Procedures. Anesthesiology 2017; 126(3): 376–393. doi:10.1097/ aln.0000000000001452.

2. Cvachovec K, Herold I, Černý V, Ševčík P, Horáček M. Doporučení pro omezování příjmu tekutin a stravy před anesteziologickou péčí. [online]. 2011. Retrieved October 16, 2020. Dostupné z: https://www.csarim.cz/content/uploads/2018/11/doporuceni‑pro‑omezovani‑prijmu‑tekutin‑a- stravy‑pred‑anesteziologickou‑peci- 2011.pdf

3. Thomas M, Morrison C, Newton R, Schindler E. Consensus statement on clear fluids fasting for elective pediatric general anesthesia. Pediatr Anesth. 2018; 28: 411– 414. https:// doi.org/10.1111/pan.13370.

4. Beck CE, Rudolph D, Mahn C, Etspüler A, Korf M, Lüthke M, et al. Impact of clear fluid fasting on pulmonary aspiration in children undergoing general anesthesia: Results of the German prospective multicenter observational (NiKs) study. Paediatr Anaesth. 2020 Aug; 30(8): 892–899. doi: 10.1111/pan.13948. Epub 2020 Jul 17. PMID: 32533888.

5. Green SM, Leroy PL, Roback MG, Irwin MG, Andolfatto G, Babl FE, et al. An international multidisciplinary consensus statement on fasting before procedural sedation in adults and children. Anaesthesia 2020; 75(3): 374–385. doi:10.1111/anae.14892.

6. Porter, LL, Blaauwendraad, SM, Pieters, BM. Respiratory and hemodynamic perioperative adverse events in intravenous versus inhalational induction in pediatric anesthesia: A systematic review and meta‑analysis. Pediatr Anesth. 2020; 30: 859– 866. https://doi. org/10.1111/pan.13904.

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9. Munshey F, Parra DA, McDonnell C, Matava C. Ultrasound‑guided techniques for peripheral intravenous placement in children with difficult venous access. Paediatr Anaesth. 2020 Feb; 30(2): 108–115. doi: 10.1111/pan.13780. Epub 2019 Dec 19. PMID: 31808244.

10. Zdravkovic M, Berger‑Estilita J, Sorbello M, Hagberg CA. An international survey about rapid sequence intubation of 10,003 anaesthetists and 16 airway experts. Anaesthesia 2020; 75(3): 313–322. doi:10.1111/anae.14867.

11. Klucka J, Kosinova M, Zacharowski K, Hert SD, Kratochvil M, Toukalkova M, et al. Rapid sequence induction. European Journal of Anaesthesiology 2020; 37(6): 435–442. doi:10.1097/eja.0000000000001194.

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14. Vanlinthout LE, Geniets B, Driessen JJ, Saldien V, Lapré R, Berghmans J, et al. Neuromuscular‑blocking agents for tracheal intubation in pediatric patients: A systematic review and meta‑analysis. Pediatr Anesth. 2020; 30: 401–414. https://doi.org/10.1111/ pan.13806

15. Deng Q, Tan W, Zhao B, Wen S, Shen J, Xu M. Intraoperative ventilation strategies to prevent postoperative pulmonary complications: A network meta‑analysis of randomised controlled trials. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2020; 124(3): 324–335. doi:10.1016/j. bja.2019. 10. 024.

16. Lebossé M, Kern D, De Queiroz M, Bourdaud N, Veyckemans F, Chassard D, et al; ADARPEF (Association Des Anesthésistes Réanimateurs Pédiatriques d’Expression Française). Ventilation in pediatric anesthesia: A French multicenter prospective observational study (PEDIAVENT). Paediatr Anaesth. 2020 Aug; 30(8): 912–921. doi: 10.1111/pan.13909. Epub 2020 Jun 5. PMID: 32500930.

17. Gan TJ, Belani KG, Bergese S, Chung F, Diemunsch P, Habib AS, et al. Fourth Consensus Guidelines for the Management of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting. Anesthesia & Analgesia 2020; 131(2): 411–448. doi:10.1213/ane.0000000000004833.

18. Uppal V, Sondekoppam RV, Landau R, El‑Boghdadly K, Narouze S, Kalagara HK. Neuraxial anaesthesia and peripheral nerve blocks during the COVID-19 pandemic: A literature review and practice recommendations. Anaesthesia 2020; 75(10): 1350–1363. doi:10.1111/anae.15105.

19. Matava CT, Kovatsis PG, Lee JK, Castro P, Denning S, Yu J, et al. Pediatric Airway Management in COVID-19 Patients: Consensus Guidelines From the Society for Pediatric Anesthesia’s Pediatric Difficult Intubation Collaborative and the Canadian Pediatric Anesthesia Society. Anesthesia & Analgesia 2020; 131(1): 61–73. doi:10.1213/ ane.0000000000004872.