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The HLA Molecules and their Association with Autoimmune Disease


Authors: K. Kološtová;  M. Černá;  M. Anděl 1
Authors‘ workplace: Oddělení buněčné a molekulární biologie 3. LF UK, Praha 1II. interní klinika 3. LF UK, Praha
Published in: Čas. Lék. čes. 2002; : 755-762
Category:

Overview

The etiology of autoimmunity diseases includes an immunological reaction against various autoantigens. The HLAmolecules play an important role in the antigen presentation process to the immune system. The HLA genes werefound as the most significant genetic predisposition factor. The strongest association described in the literature isthe association of HLA-B27 with ankylosing spondylitis. Associations were since usually observed with HLA-DRand DQ genes. We are also focused on Diabetes mellitus 1. type. Diabetes is an organ specific autoimmune diseasecharacterised by destruction of beta-cells of Langerhansen pancreatic islets. The cause of the destruction process isnot known yet, but it seems to be triggered by repeated presentation of self-antigen hGAD65 to the immune system.This review presents themost interesting solutions and hypotheses of the unanswered question about HLA associationmechanism.

Key words:
HLA, association, autoimmunity, hypothesis, ankylosing spondylitis, HLA-B27, diabetes mellitus,glutamic acid decarboxylase (hGAD65), enteroviruses (HERVs), regulation of gene expression.

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Addictology Allergology and clinical immunology Angiology Audiology Clinical biochemistry Dermatology & STDs Paediatric gastroenterology Paediatric surgery Paediatric cardiology Paediatric neurology Paediatric ENT Paediatric psychiatry Paediatric rheumatology Diabetology Pharmacy Vascular surgery Pain management Dental Hygienist
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