Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS) in the Czech Republic

Czech version

Authors: David Jan ¹; Stará Veronika ¹; Hradský Ondřej ¹; Pešková Šárka ¹; Toni Ledjona ¹; Šedivý Vojtěch ¹; Šibíková Michaela ^1,2,3; Malcová Hana ⁴; Tučková Jana ⁵; Slabá Kateřina ⁵; Jabandžiev Petr ^5,6; Šašek Lumír ⁷; Huml Michal ⁷; Žídková Iveta ⁸; Pavlíček Jan ⁸; Palátová Alžběta ⁹; Klásková Eva ⁹; Bánszka Karina ¹⁰; Terifajová Eva ¹⁰; Vyhnánek Radim ¹¹; Bloomfield Markéta ^11,12; Fingerhutová Šárka ¹³; Doležalová Pavla ¹³; Procházková Lucie ¹⁴; Chramostová Gabriela ¹⁵; Grätz Roman ¹⁶; Chalupský Martin ¹⁷; Weberová Chvílová Magdalena ¹⁸; Radvanová Jana ¹⁹; Ryba Luděk ²⁰; Vlachý Pavel ²¹; Žáček Martin ²²; Fencl Filip ¹; Lebl Jan ¹
Authors‘ workplace: Pediatrická klinika, 2. lékařská fakulta Univerzity Karlovy a FN v Motole, Praha ¹; Ordinace PLDD, Smečno ²; Oddělení dětského urgentního příjmu a lékařské služby první pomoci, FN v Motole, Praha ³; Oddělení revmatologie dětí a dospělých, FN v Motole, Praha ⁴; Pediatrická klinika, Masarykova univerzita a FN Brno, Brno ⁵; Central European Institute of Technology, Masarykova univerzita, Brno ⁶; Dětská klinika, Lékařská fakulta Univerzity Karlovy a FN Plzeň, Plzeň ⁷; Klinika dětského lékařství, Lékařská fakulta Ostravské univerzity a FN Ostrava, Ostrava ⁸; Dětská klinika, Lékařská fakulta Univerzity Palackého a FN Olomouc, Olomouc ⁹; Dětská klinika, Lékařská fakulta Univerzity Karlovy a FN Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové ¹⁰; Pediatrická klinika, 1. lékařská fakulta Univerzity Karlovy a Fakultní Thomayerova nemocnice, Praha ¹¹; Ústav imunologie, 2. lékařská fakulta Univerzity Karlovy a FN v Motole, Praha ¹²; Klinika pediatrie a dědičných poruch metabolismu, 1. lékařská fakulta Univerzity Karlovy a Všeobecná fakultní nemocnice, Praha ¹³; Dětské oddělení, Krajská nemocnice T. Bati, Zlín ¹⁴; Dětské oddělení, Oblastní nemocnice Kolín, Kolín ¹⁵; Pediatrické oddělení, FN Na Bulovce, Praha ¹⁶; Dětské oddělení, Nemocnice Nové Město na Moravě, Nové Město na Moravě ¹⁷; Dětské oddělení, Nemocnice Havlíčkův Brod, Havlíčkův Brod ¹⁸; Dětské a novorozenecké oddělení, Nemocnice Třebíč, Třebíč ¹⁹; Dětské oddělení, Orlickoústecká nemocnice, Ústí nad Orlicí ²⁰; Pediatrické oddělení, Nemocnice Jihlava, Jihlava ²¹; Dětské oddělení, Nemocnice České Budějovice, České Budějovice ²²
Published in: Čes-slov Pediat 2022; 77 (6): 333-339.
Category: Original Papers
doi: https://doi.org/10.55095/CSPediatrie2022/059

Overview

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse epidemiology and clinical course of paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS) in the Czech Republic.

Methods: We performed a retrospective-prospective nationwide observational study based on patients hospitalised with PIMS-TS according to World Health Organization definition and who were admitted to a hospital in the Czech Republic between November 1st, 2020, and May 31st, 2021. The anonymised data of patients (demographic and clinical data) were obtained from their medical records. Some of the data from the above-mentioned study period were compared with the results of a smaller set of patients from the next pandemic wave. The second nationwide observation period followed from June 1st, 2021, to March 31st, 2022. This period was characterized by prevailing delta and subsequently omicron variants.

Results: Between November 1st, 2020 and May 31st, 2021, the total number of diagnosed patients with PIMS-TS in the Czech Republic was 207. The overall incidence was 1:10,100 of the paediatric population aged 0–19 years; and 1:1,127 out of all children who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, respectively. During follow-up, only two patients (1.2%) had persistent coronary artery dilation, all patients had normal cardiac function. Between June 1st, 2021 and March 31st, 2022, PIMS-TS was diagnosed in additional 222 children. Whereas PIMS-TS was frequent during the prevailing delta variant, the predominating omicron variant led to its decline to one fourth in relation to numbers of those tested positively for SARS-CoV-2. The total number of children affected by PIMS-TS reached 429, with no reported fatalities.

Conclusion: Above expectation outcome with no death could be explained by awareness campaigns and national guidelines with early use of combined immunosuppressive treatment.

Keywords:

incidence – COVID-19 – PIMS-TS – MIS-C

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