Morphologic findings in placenta associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors:
Magdaléna Daumová 1,2; Šárka Hadravská 1,2; Andrea Straková Peteříková 1
Authors place of work:
Šiklův ústav patologie LFP UK a FN Plzeň
1; Bioptická laboratoř s. r. o., Plzeň
2
Published in the journal:
Čes.-slov. Patol., 57, 2021, No. 4, p. 199-202
Category:
Přehledový článek
Summary
SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy can cause a number of serious complications, including fetal growth restriction or intrauterine fetal death. It appears that transplacental transmission of infection is rare and the arising complications are due to damage of placental parenchyma. The aim of this article is to summarize the results of recent publications dealing with placental changes in COVID-19 disease, with special consideration to the morphology of the newly defined SARS-CoV-2 placentitis.
Keywords:
Placenta – SARS-CoV-2 – COVID-19 – morphology – placentitis
Zdroje
1. Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, et al. A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med 2020; 382(8): 727- 733.
2. Coronaviridae Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of V. The species Severe acute respiratory syndrome- related coronavirus: classifying 2019- nCoV and naming it SARS-CoV-2. Nat Microbiol 2020; 5(4): 536-544.
3. Harrison AG, Lin T, Wang P. Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission and Pathogenesis. Trends Immunol 2020; 41(12): 1100-1115.
4. Zaim S, Chong JH, Sankaranarayanan V, Harky A. COVID-19 and Multiorgan Response. Curr Probl Cardiol 2020; 45(8): 100618.
5. Gupta A, Madhavan MV, Sehgal K, et al. Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19. Nat Med 2020; 26(7): 1017-1032.
6. Liu Z, Xiao X, Wei X, et al. Composition and divergence of coronavirus spike proteins and host ACE2 receptors predict potential intermediate hosts of SARS-CoV-2. J Med Virol 2020; 92(6): 595-601.
7. Li M, Chen L, Zhang J, Xiong C, Li X. The SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 expression of maternal- fetal interface and fetal organs by single- cell transcriptome study. PloS one 2020; 15(4): e0230295.
8. Valdes G, Neves LA, Anton L, et al. Distribution of angiotensin-(1-7) and ACE2 in human placentas of normal and pathological pregnancies. Placenta 2006; 27(2-3): 200-207.
9. Pringle KG, Tadros MA, Callister RJ, Lumbers ER. The expression and localization of the human placental prorenin/renin-angiotensin system throughout pregnancy: roles in trophoblast invasion and angiogenesis? Placenta 2011; 32(12): 956-962.
10. Taglauer E, Benarroch Y, Rop K, et al. Consistent localization of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein and ACE2 over TMPRSS2 predominance in placental villi of 15 COVID-19 positive maternal- fetal dyads. Placenta 2020; 100): 69-74.
11. Watkins JC, Torous VF, Roberts DJ. Defining Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Placentitis: A Report of 7 Cases with Confirmatory In Situ Hybridization, Distinct Histomorphologic Features, and Evidence of Complement Deposition. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2021. ahead of print
12. Hosier H, Farhadian SF, Morotti RA, et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection of the placenta. J Clin Invest 2020; 130(9): 4947-4953.
13. Richtmann R, Torloni MR, Oyamada Otani AR, et al. Fetal deaths in pregnancies with SARS-CoV-2 infection in Brazil: A case series. Case Rep. Women’s Health 2020; 27: e00243.
14. Juan J, Gil MM, Rong Z, Zhang Y, Yang H, Poon LC. Effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on maternal, perinatal and neonatal outcome: systematic review. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2020; 56(1): 15-27.
15. Schwartz DA, Baldewijns M, Benachi A, et al. Chronic Histiocytic Intervillositis With Trophoblast Necrosis Is a Risk Factor Associated With Placental Infection From Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and Intrauterine Maternal-Fetal Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Transmission in Live-Born and Stillborn Infants. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2021; 145(5): 517-528.
16. Shende P, Gaikwad P, Gandhewar M, et al. Persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in the first trimester placenta leading to transplacental transmission and fetal demise from an asymptomatic mother. Hum Reprod 2021; 36(4): 899-906.
17. Valdespino-Vazquez MY, Helguera-Repetto CA, Leon-Juarez M, et al. Fetal and placental infection with SARS-CoV-2 in early pregnancy. J Med Virol 2021; 93(7): 4480-4487.
18. Baergen RN, Heller DS. Placental Pathology in Covid-19 Positive Mothers: Preliminary Findings. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2020; 23(3): 177- 180.
19. Shanes ED, Mithal LB, Otero S, Azad HA, Miller ES, Goldstein JA. Placental Pathology in COVID-19. Am J Clin Pathol 2020; 154(1): 23- 32.
20. Smithgall MC, Liu-Jarin X, Hamele-Bena D, et al. Third-trimester placentas of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-positive women: histomorphology, including viral immunohistochemistry and in-situ hybridization. Histopathology 2020; 77(6): 994-999.
21. Kuhrt K, McMicking J, Nanda S, Nelson- Piercy C, Shennan A. Placental abruption in a twin pregnancy at 32 weeks’ gestation complicated by coronavirus disease 2019 without vertical transmission to the babies. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2020; 2(3): 100135.
22. Hecht JL, Quade B, Deshpande V, et al. SARS-CoV-2 can infect the placenta and is not associated with specific placental histopathology: a series of 19 placentas from COVID-19-positive mothers. Mod Pathol 2020; 33(11): 2092-2103.
23. Zhang P, Salafia C, Heyman T, Salafia C, Lederman S, Dygulska B. Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in placentas with pathology and vertical transmission. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2020; 2(4): 100197.
24. Facchetti F, Bugatti M, Drera E, et al. SARSCoV2 vertical transmission with adverse effects on the newborn revealed through integrated immunohistochemical, electron microscopy and molecular analyses of Placenta. EBioMedicine 2020; 59: 102951.
25. Ferraiolo A, Barra F, Kratochwila C, et al. Report of Positive Placental Swabs for SARSCoV- 2 in an Asymptomatic Pregnant Woman with COVID-19. Medicina (Kaunas) 2020; 56(6).
26. Menter T, Mertz KD, Jiang S, et al. Placental Pathology Findings during and after SARSCoV- 2 Infection: Features of Villitis and Malperfusion. Pathobiology 2021; 88(1): 69-77.
27. Sisman J, Jaleel MA, Moreno W, et al. Intrauterine Transmission of SARS-COV-2 Infection in a Preterm Infant. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2020; 39(9): e265-e267.
28. Khong TY, Mooney EE, Ariel I, et al. Sampling and Definitions of Placental Lesions: Amsterdam Placental Workshop Group Consensus Statement. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2016; 140(7): 698-713.
29. Ernst LM. Maternal vascular malperfusion of the placental bed. APMIS 2018; 126(7): 551- 560.
30. Redline RW, Ravishankar S. Fetal vascular malperfusion, an update. APMIS 2018; 126(7): 561-569.
31. Wong YP, Khong TY, Tan GC. The Effects of COVID-19 on Placenta and Pregnancy: What Do We Know So Far? Diagnostics 2021; 11(1).
32. Sharps MC, Hayes DJL, Lee S, et al. A structured review of placental morphology and histopathological lesions associated with SARS- -CoV-2 infection. Placenta 2020; 101: 13-29.
33. Connors JM, Levy JH. COVID-19 and its implications for thrombosis and anticoagulation. Blood 2020; 135(23): 2033-2040.
34. Ashary N, Bhide A, Chakraborty P, et al. Single- Cell RNA-seq Identifies Cell Subsets in Human Placenta That Highly Expresses Factors Driving Pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8: 783.
35. Scifres CM, Parks WT, Feghali M, Caritis SN, Catov JM. Placental maternal vascular malperfusion and adverse pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes mellitus. Placenta 2017; 49: 10-15.
36. Algeri P, Stagnati V, Spazzini MD, et al. Considerations on COVID-19 pregnancy: a cases series during outbreak in Bergamo Province, North Italy. J Maternal Fetal Neonatal Med 2020: 1-4.
37. Lokken EM, Walker CL, Delaney S, et al. Clinical characteristics of 46 pregnant women with a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in Washington State. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020; 223(6): 911 e911- 911 e914.
38. Prabhu M, Cagino K, Matthews KC, et al. Pregnancy and postpartum outcomes in a universally tested population for SARSCoV- 2 in New York City: a prospective cohort study. BJOG 2020; 127(12): 1548-1556.
39. Hsu AL, Guan M, Johannesen E, et al. Placental SARS-CoV-2 in a pregnant woman with mild COVID-19 disease. J Med Virol 2021; 93(2): 1038-1044.
40. Kirtsman M, Diambomba Y, Poutanen SM, et al. Probable congenital SARS-CoV-2 infection in a neonate born to a woman with active SARS-CoV-2 infection. CMAJ 2020; 192(24): E647-E650.
41. Mongula JE, Frenken MWE, van Lijnschoten G, et al. COVID-19 during pregnancy: non-reassuring fetal heart rate, placental pathology and coagulopathy. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2020; 56(5): 773-776.
42. Patane L, Morotti D, Giunta MR, et al. Vertical transmission of coronavirus disease 2019: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 RNA on the fetal side of the placenta in pregnancies with coronavirus disease 2019-positive mothers and neonates at birth. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2020; 2(3): 100145.
43. Pulinx B, Kieffer D, Michiels I, et al. Vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection and preterm birth. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 39(12): 2441-2445.
44. Debelenko L, Katsyv I, Chong AM, Peruyero L, Szabolcs M, Uhlemann AC. Trophoblast damage with acute and chronic intervillositis: disruption of the placental barrier by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Hum Pathol 2021; 109: 69-79.
45. Vivanti AJ, Vauloup-Fellous C, Prevot S, et al. Transplacental transmission of SARSCoV- 2 infection. Nat Commun 2020; 11(1): 3572.
46. Gao L, Ren J, Xu L, et al. Placental pathology of the third trimester pregnant women from COVID-19. Diagn Pathol 2021; 16(1): 8.
47. Linehan L, O’Donoghue K, Dineen S, White J, Higgins JR, Fitzgerald B. SARS-CoV-2 placentitis: An uncommon complication of maternal COVID-19. Placenta 2021; 104: 261- 266.
48. Schwartz DA, Dhaliwal A. Infections in pregnancy with COVID-19 and other respiratory RNA virus diseases are rarely, if ever, transmitted to the fetus: Experiences with coronaviruses, HPIV, hMPV RSV, and influenza. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2020. ahead of print
49. Raschetti R, Vivanti AJ, Vauloup-Fellous C, Loi B, Benachi A, De Luca D. Synthesis and systematic review of reported neonatal SARSCoV- 2 infections. Nat Commun 2020; 11(1): 5164.
50. Wastnedge EAN, Reynolds RM, van Boeckel SR, et al. Pregnancy and COVID-19. Physiol Rev 2021; 101(1): 303-318.
51. Bendon RW, Coventry S, Thompson M, Rudzinski ER, Williams EM, Oron AP. Significance of C4d Immunostaining in Placental Chronic Intervillositis. Pediatr Dev Pathol 2015; 18(5): 362-368.
52. Libbrecht S, Van Cleemput J, Vandekerckhove L, et al. A rare but devastating cause of twin loss in a near-term pregnancy highlighting the features of severe SARS-CoV-2 placentitis. Histopathology 2021. Ahead of print
Štítky
Patologie Soudní lékařství ToxikologieČlánek vyšel v časopise
Česko-slovenská patologie
2021 Číslo 4
Nejčtenější v tomto čísle
- Chronické záněty placenty neinfekční etiologie
- Patologie placenty – nové a méně známé jednotky
- Morfologické nálezy v placentě asociované s infekcí SARS-CoV-2
- Placentární mezenchymální dysplázie – morfologie a diferenciální diagnostika